From October to November 2021, we used camera traps to collect mammal diversity and distributions along the elevational gradients at the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve. We retrived images of 262 camera traps placed between May 2021 and October 2021. We obtained 12391 pictures of wild animals,41 species of large and medium mammals were recorded.. The camera traps were reset in the same locations after renew batteries and memory cards.Camera trap data could inventory endangered species in the region, and provide information to identify biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities.
LI Xueyou
The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Task V Theme III "Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Plateau Microbial Diversity" (2019QZKK0503) carried out more than 30 field scientific expeditions in the first and second years. Footprints cover most of the Tibetan Plateau, including the investigation of glaciers (such as Qiangyong Glacier, Tanggula Glacier, Everest East Rongbu glacier, Jiemayangzong Glacier, Palung 4 Glacier, etc.), lakes, soils, fungi, lichens, animals in Southeast Tibet, Qiangtang Plateau, Cocosili and Himalayan region. The dataset contains 6,471 photos and videos, including habitat photos, working photos, and scientific images collected during the first and second years of fieldwork.
LIU Yongqin
In 2021， the birds along elevation gradients in Gangrigabu Mountains were investigated by point count method. With a 400-meter elevational gradient, elevation zones were set up in the survey area. Five elevation zones were built in the north slope from TongMai Town to Galong Temple in Bome County, and 8 elevation zones were built in the south slope from Jiefang Bridge to Galongla in Medog County. So that we can make clear about the pattern and maintenance mechanism of bird diversity along elevation gradients in this region. The data of bird diversity and distribution will be used to further explore the key scientific issues such as the impact of climate change on bird diversity and adaptation strategies, and the response and protection strategies of bird species diversity under the global climate change.
WANG Jie
The dataset contains microbial amplicon sequencing data from a total of 269 ice samples collected from 15 glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau from November 2016 to August 2020, including 24K Glacier (24K), Dongkemadi Glacier (DKMD), Dunde Glacier (DD), Jiemayangzong Glacier (JMYZ), Kuoqionggangri Glacier (KQGR), Laigu Glacier (LG), Palung 4 Glacier (PL4), Qiangtang 1 Glacier (QT), Qiangyong Glacier (QY), Quma Glacier (QM), Tanggula Glacier (TGL), Xiagangjiang Glacier (XGJ), Yala Glacier (YA), Zepugou Glacier (ZPG), ZhufengDongrongbu Glacier (ZF). The sampling areas ranged in latitude and longitude from 28.020°N to 38.100°N and 86.28°E to 95.651°E. The 16s rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 515F/907R (or 515F/806R) primers and sequenced with the Illumina Hiseq2500 sequencing platform to obtain raw data. The selected primer sequences were "515F_GTGYCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA; 907R_CCGTCAATTCMTTTRAGTTT" "515F_GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGG; 806R_ GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT". The uploaded data include: sample number, sample description, sampling time, latitude and longitude coordinates, sample type, sequencing target, sequencing fragment, sequencing primer, sequencing platform, data format and other basic information. The sequencing data are stored in sequence file data format forward *.1.fq.gz and reverse *.2.fq.gz compressed files.
LIU Yongqin
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of important rodents in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, clarify their related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource bank. In 2021, this sub project (2019QZKK05010410) focused on the investigation of plateau pika in Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Golog Prefecture and Hainan prefecture, Qinghai. A total of 200 plateau pika samples were collected, and the solid samples were spleen and lung tissues. This data set contains a sample information table and habitat photos, work photos and work videos. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, gender, detailed sampling place, altitude, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which are stored in the form of Excel.
QU Jiapeng
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of pika germplasm resources in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, clarify its related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource bank. In 2021, this sub project (2019QZKK05010209) focused on Qinghai Province (Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Golmud City, Kunlun mountain pass; Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Dulan County, Xiangride Town, Gouli township; Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Maduo County; Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Maqin County, Dawu town; Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Zeku County; Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Guinan County, Taxiu township) 93 plateau pika germplasm resources were collected at different altitudes, and the solid samples included blood or tissue, feces and so on. This data set contains 1 sample information table. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel.
ZHANG Liangzhi
In order to integrate the pan third pole domestic chicken data, build the "global domestic chicken genome database (chicken2k)", provide basic data for the international research on the origin, domestication and selection of domestic chickens, and provide scientific guidance for the breeding and improvement of new domestic chicken varieties. In 2022, this sub project cooperated with the Animal Branch of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Chinese Academy of Sciences, to apply for the use of genetic samples of domestic animals in Southeast Asia collected and preserved in recent years, and select representative individuals to carry out genetic diversity assessment. This data set contains 224 blood and tissue samples of domestic chickens and Hongyuan chickens from Southeast Asian countries (Laos, Thailand, Myanmar and Vietnam) collected by the Animal Germplasm Resource Bank. This data set contains basic sample information such as sample species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which are stored in Excel form.
PENG Minsheng
Biodiversity is the sum of the ecological complex formed by organisms and their environment and various ecological processes related to it. It is expressed at all organizational levels of the life system, including genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity. The higher the habitat quality, the better the biological habitat environment and the higher the biodiversity. In some studies, the habitat quality index was used to characterize biodiversity (Xiao Qiang et al. 2014). Habitat quality index (HQ) is a dimensionless comprehensive index to evaluate the habitat suitability and habitat degradation degree of regional land use types. Cultivated land, roads, towns and rivers are used as habitat stress factors to form sensitivity parameters. For the production of biodiversity products, the biodiversity modeling of ecosystem in national barrier area is studied based on land use data and invest model. Invest model has the advantages of less input data, large output data and quantitative analysis of abstract ecosystem service functions. It is an important means of biodiversity assessment at present. Based on the actual situation of land use in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, five land use types with great impact of human activities, paddy field, dry land, urban land, rural residential area and other construction land, are selected as threat factors. Taking the land use data as the input variable of the invest model, the land biodiversity of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau with a resolution of 1 km from 2000 to 2020 is estimated based on the parametric model.
WANG Xiaofeng
We investigated and collected the germplasm resources of cyanine in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, carried out homogenous garden experiments to obtain phenotypic data, used genome sequencing technology to obtain data libraries and construct high-quality reference genomes. Using the re sequencing technology to analyze the structure of the cyanine population, combined with the early human migration and diffusion routes, this paper explores the historical process of the formation of the modern geographical distribution pattern of the cyanine on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. By correlation analysis with phenotypic data, the adaptive mechanism of modern populations of cyanine was analyzed. Understand the environmental differences of the pan third pole and the impact of human activities and cultural differences in different regions on the migration, adaptation and domestication of plants on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau from the whole genome level.
DUAN Yuanwen
We investigated and collected the germplasm resources of cyanine in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, carried out homogenous garden experiments to obtain phenotypic data, used genome sequencing technology to obtain data libraries and construct high-quality reference genomes. Using the re sequencing technology to analyze the structure of the cyanine population, combined with the early human migration and diffusion routes, this paper explores the historical process of the formation of the modern geographical distribution pattern of the cyanine on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. By correlation analysis with phenotypic data, the adaptive mechanism of modern populations of cyanine was analyzed. Understand the environmental differences of the pan third pole and the impact of human activities and cultural differences in different regions on the migration, adaptation and domestication of plants on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau from the whole genome level.
DUAN Yuanwen
We investigated and collected the germplasm resources of cyanine in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, carried out homogenous garden experiments to obtain phenotypic data, used genome sequencing technology to obtain data libraries and construct high-quality reference genomes. Using the re sequencing technology to analyze the structure of the cyanine population, combined with the early human migration and diffusion routes, this paper explores the historical process of the formation of the modern geographical distribution pattern of the cyanine on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. By correlation analysis with phenotypic data, the adaptive mechanism of modern populations of cyanine was analyzed. Understand the environmental differences of the pan third pole and the impact of human activities and cultural differences in different regions on the migration, adaptation and domestication of plants on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau from the whole genome level.
DUAN Yuanwen
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas (Pan third pole area), and clarify its related genetic background. In 2020, we extracted the total DNA from 266 global chicken blood, tissue and other DNA tissue samples, built a database and sequenced the whole genome. At the same time, we downloaded the published chicken genome data, and carried out population analysis of 863 chicken genomes, so as to provide basic data for exploring the historical events of domestication, migration and expansion of domestic chickens in the pan third pole region, and further explore the adaptation mechanism of domesticated animals to harsh environments such as drying. Articles related to this data set have been published. All data in this data set can be downloaded online from fastq, BAM, VCF and SNP files.
PENG Minsheng
Naked barley, called highland barley in Tibet, is the main crop of the Tibetan plateau and the main food of the Tibetan people. It has a long planting history, the largest planting area, the widest distribution and the highest planting ceiling. As for the autonomous region, the annual sown area and total grain output account for more than half of the total sown area and total grain output. In river valleys below 4,200 meters, they account for 30-50% of the area sown to local crops. In the alpine farming area of 4,200-4,500 meters above sea level, it accounts for 70-90% of the planting area of local crops. Naked barley is almost the only crop at agricultural sites above 4,500 meters. Tibetan bare barley has strong cold and drought resistance and ADAPTS to the plateau climate conditions. It is distributed in the vast agricultural areas and farming-pastoral interlacing areas from more than 1,000 meters to 4,500 meters above sea level. At present, the upper limit of planting reaches 4750 meters, which is the highest limit of crop distribution in Tibet. In 1974, a comprehensive scientific expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau entered Tibet from Sichuan province and carried out investigations along the route. During a survey of wild barley in Jitang district, Chaya County, Qamdo region, Tibetan members provided information about semi-wild wheat, which is similar to wheat in morphology but has broken cob at maturity, and is generally mixed with highland barley and wheat fields as a field weed. Plant specimens and seeds were collected. When the expedition team arrived at the Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology of Tibet Autonomous Region, they learned that comrades Cheng Tianqing and Dong Yuao had collected a kind of wheat with broken cob at maturity in SAN 'an Qu Lin, Longzi County, Shannan Prefecture in 1962, which belonged to the same type as the materials we had collected in other areas of Tibet. Later, in the Xigaze regional agricultural research institute, Comrade Tan Changhua said that he had also seen this kind of wheat when the cob broke at maturity in Renbu County. In addition to the above areas, this wild wheat was also found near Jiacha county, Gongga County and Longzi County in Shannan during this year's investigation. Currently known distribution areas include lancang River basin, Yarlung Zangbo River basin and Longzi River basin.
LU Jimei
Agriculture in Tibet is concentrated in the valleys of the Yarlung Zangbo River in south Tibet and the Nu, Lancang and Jinsha Rivers in east Tibet. The agricultural area of the valley accounts for 75 percent of the total cultivated land area of the autonomous region, and the grain output accounts for more than 80 percent of the total grain output of the autonomous region. Wheat and naked barley (known as highland barley in Tibet) are the main grain crops in The Tibet Autonomous Region, with the perennial sown area accounting for more than 80% of the total sown area, while the wheat and naked barley in the valley agricultural areas account for 75% of the sown area and 82% of the total yield of the region. The agricultural area of the valley is located between 28 ° and 31° north latitude, 2700 -- 4100 meters above sea level. It belongs to the temperate climate of the plateau, with better soil and water conservancy conditions and higher crop yield. But before liberation, under the dark feudal serfdom, the people lived in extreme poverty, and agricultural production was very backward, with the yield of grain per mu only over 100 jin. After liberation, especially since 1972, winter wheat was widely promoted in the agricultural areas of the valley, which promoted the reform of the farming system and significantly increased grain output. In 1975, the total grain output of the region increased by more than 50 percent compared with 1965, and by more than 1.5 times that of 1958 before the democratic reform. In 1977, the area sown with winter wheat was nearly 700,000 mu, accounting for about 20 percent of the grain sown area. The planting area of winter wheat has expanded from areas with an altitude of less than 3,000 meters to areas with an altitude of less than 4,100 meters, and the Tibetan Plateau has developed from a historical area of spring wheat into an area where both spring and winter wheat are grown. In 1977, the average yield of winter wheat per mu in the agricultural areas of the valley exceeded 400 jin, and that of bare barley and spring wheat also reached 300 jin per mu.
LU Jimei
Certain hydrothermal conditions and soil conditions are the basis of crop growth. The Tibetan Plateau covers a vast area, and the changes of altitude and surface form in different areas are extremely complex. Plateau climate and soil have obvious spatial changes, so the distribution of cultivated land and crops has a large regional. There are two groups of high mountain ranges running east-west and north-south in Tibet, forming the basic framework of the plateau. The vast plateau is distributed between the mountains, and there are many low mountains, hills, lake basins and valley inlaid in the meantime, the overall terrain of the whole region gradually picked up from the southeast to the northwest, the southeast is lower, the west, the north is higher. The majestic Himalayas stand on the southern and western borders of China and India, China and Nepal, China and Tin, China and Bhutan, and China and Pakistan. With a total length of 2,400 kilometers and a mountain width of 200-300 kilometers, and an average elevation of more than 6,000 meters, they constitute a natural barrier to the southern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The warm and wet airflow in the Bay of Bengal is blocked by mountains. The climate on the southern slope of the Himalayas is warm and humid, while that on the northern foothills of the Himalayas is warm and cool and dry, forming two different climate regions on the southern and northern slopes. The south side of the Himalayas mountain rivers deep, mountain canyon landform. The valley is more than 3000 meters above sea level, and the climate is warm and humid. The soil types are rich, mainly including mountain yellow soil, mountain brown soil, mountain brown soil and mountain meadow soil, etc. The soil is acidic to neutral, and contains rich humus, high nitrogen content, coarse texture and good permeability. Abundant surface runoff, irrigation conditions are better. However, due to terrain limitations, most of the land cannot be used because the slope is greater than 25 degrees, and most of the land is covered by forests. Arable land is mainly distributed in the valley below 4000 meters, the area is very limited.
LU Jimei
In order to systematically investigate insect species in and around Motuo, Tibet and analyze the distribution pattern of insect diversity, this sub project (2019qzkk05010606) collects representative insect groups such as Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and Hemiptera by using trap method, net scanning method, lamp trap method and Malay's net method in and around Motuo, Tibet, and records the information of insect specimens, Take pictures and videos of insects. This data set contains the information of 11272 insect specimens collected in Motuo County, Bomi County, Chayu County, Nyingchi city and Milin County of Tibet from July 2019 to September 2020. It includes information such as collection place, collection time, longitude and latitude, altitude and taxonomic name. The solid specimens are kept in the National Animal Museum.
LIANG Hongbin
People in the plain often have altitude reaction after entering Tibet. In order to deeply analyze the change pattern of genomic expression profile in the process of altitude response and altitude acclimation. Based on the mRNA transcriptome sequencing method, we have obtained the transcriptome sequencing data of 46 individuals before entering Tibet (collection place: Chongqing). We first collected the peripheral blood samples of 46 plain Han individuals, treated the peripheral blood with red blood cell lysate (Tiangen), centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 min, separated and extracted white blood cells, and extracted the total RNA of each sample by Trizol method. Then 46 libraries were constructed by poly (a) capture method. Poly (a) + mRNA library was isolated from 1 g total RNA of each sample with oligo (DT) beads. The construction of RNA SEQ library was carried out according to the preparation scheme of truseq RNA library. The 46 RNA libraries were double ended sequenced using novaseq platform. The sequencing results were 150 BP reads fastq files, and the data volume of each sample exceeded 6.0 GBP. The transcriptome data of plain people before entering Tibet can be used as the baseline data after entering Tibet. By comparing and analyzing the transcriptome data of plain people before and after entering Tibet, screening the significantly differentially expressed genes before and after entering Tibet, and annotating the biological functions of differentially expressed genes, we can deeply analyze the gene expression change mode and function regulation network mechanism in the process of altitude reaction and altitude acclimatization.
KONG Qingpeng
Information of animal samples, tissue samples, DNA bar code samples and other physical samples collected in the second year (from the end of 2020 to 2021) of the fifth topic of the second comprehensive scientific investigation and research task of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau - "conservation and sustainable utilization of animal diversity on the plateau" (2019QZKK0501). All data shall be sorted according to the subject and sub subject, and the folder shall be named according to the subject number and sub subject number. Each sample table contains one or more sample information tables. Each information table contains sub topic number, species, collection place, collection time, collector, sample type, storage method and other information.
ANIMAL RESOURCE PLATFORM OF QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU Animal Resource Platform of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
The "mammal species and distribution database of Southwest Alpine Canyon" includes the list of mammals in Hengduan Mountain area, species protection information and domestic distribution information. The list includes family names, genus names and species names; The protection information includes the national key protected wildlife level (2021), cites appendix (2019), IUCN Red List (2021) and Chinese species red list (2021); The distribution information includes whether it is endemic to China and the provinces and regions where the species are distributed in China. The data comes from the specimens collected by Kunming Institute of zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the specimens collected during the project implementation period, infrared camera photos, documents, etc. The data quality is reliable. The database can provide basic data support for the research and protection of mammals in the high mountains and valleys of Southwest China.
LI Quan
This database is the list of amphibian and reptile species and their distribution data in the southwest Alpine Canyon, including 9544 distribution records of nearly 300 amphibian and reptile species in this region. The species distribution information in this database is mainly obtained from the first-hand data in the field and famous animal websites at home and abroad, such as species 2000. This data mainly involves species names, orders, families and genera, provinces, cities and counties, small place names, longitude and latitude, altitude and other information of amphibians and reptiles in this region. This data can be used to explore the fauna and division of amphibians and reptiles in the mountains and valleys of Southwest China, and also lay a solid foundation for the study of amphibian and Reptile Diversity and ecosystem in Southwest China and even Southeast Asia.
JIANG Jianping
The southwest Alpine Canyon Region is one of the biodiversity hot spots in the world. The establishment of bio climate geographic database is the premise to study the distribution pattern and formation causes of biodiversity in this region. Based on the distribution information of more than 7000 species of plants in the region provided by the project team, combined with climate data (from NCEP # reanalysis # products, https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.surface.html , average value from 1950 to 2020), and establish a comprehensive database of biodiversity and ecological environment in southwest Alpine canyon area. Biological data includes names of animal and plant families, genera and species, longitude and latitude information of the collection place, etc., geographic data includes altitude and slope, and climate data includes 24 indicators including rainfall and temperature. This database provides support for studying the distribution law, current situation, formation mechanism and conservation network planning of biodiversity in this region.
HE Hongming , ZHAO Hongfei , HUANG Xianhan
Investigate the middle and upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the tributaries of the Nianchu River, duoxiong Zangbo and Laiwu Zangbo, involving Nanmulin, gyangzi, Yadong, Jilong, Saga, Zhongba and other counties in Xigaze City, Tibet. New human activity relic sites were found in the blank areas of human activities in the past, such as cuochulong lake, Duoqing lake, Zhongzhu Valley, luolonggou and so on. Important stone evidence of human activities was collected in more than 30 sites, including obsidian, Jasper rock, crystal and so on. In the follow-up, the process and source of these stone tools will be further analyzed through typology, which is of great significance to reveal the temporal and spatial changes of prehistoric human activity history in the middle and upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the exchange of culture and technology with the surrounding areas.
YANG Xiaoyan, GAO Yu
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify their related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource bank. In 2021, we collected a total of 267 samples of blood, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, muscle, fat, large intestine, small intestine, stomach and testis of large forehead cattle (Dulong cattle) in Yunnan Province. This data set contains basic sample information such as sample species, species, detailed sampling place, gender, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, as well as individual photos. The solid samples are stored in the wildlife germplasm resource bank and Animal Germplasm Resource Bank in Southwest China.
LI Yan
1) Data content: changes in genetic diversity of 10 amphibians and reptiles on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in the face of future climate change. 2) Data source and processing method: Based on the bar code data of 10 amphibians and reptiles on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, combined with SDM, MPTP approach and other software, the genetic diversity and distribution in 2050, 2070 and 2090 in the future are constructed. 3) Data quality description: the data quality is verified, and the data analysis personnel are strictly trained in the laboratory. 4) Results and prospects of data application: it is found that amphibians and reptiles distributed in the north of Qinghai Tibet Plateau need more attention in protection.
SHEN Wenjing
Based on the distribution locations of the Qinghai toad-headed lizard (Phrynocephalus vlangalii) collected by field investigation and literature investigation, combined with five climate factors from WorldClim database, the current (1960-1990) and future (2061-2080) climate data were input into the trained species distribution model to predict the current and future suitable habitats. The prediction results shows that the lizard will lose a lot of original habitats under the climate change, and the protection measures for the lizard species should focus on the eastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the northern and eastern parts of Qaidam Basin. The model also predicts that after the climate change, new suitable habitats will appear in areas that were not suitable for the Qinghai toad-headed lizard. However, due to the very limited diffusion ability of reptiles (the maximum annual diffusion distance recorded in the literature is less than 500m), the newly emerging suitable habitats may not be used by the Qinghai toad-headed lizard. Meanwhile, based on the physiological, life history, behavior and morphological data of three altitudinal populations of the Qinghai toad-headed lizard collected by field work, and combined with microclimate data, the physiological consequences of climate change on the Qinghai toad-headed lizard in the current suitable distribution area were predicted by using the mechanism niche model. The prediction results of the model show that, whether in the SSP245 or SSP585 climate change scenarios, the activity time of the lizard will increase in most areas (> 93%) of the current suitable distribution area, and the thermal safety threshold will decrease in all places of the current suitable distribution area. The increase of activity time of high-altitude populations is less than that of low-altitude populations, but the decrease of thermal safety threshold is greater than that of low-altitude populations. The results reveal that climate change may have a greater impact on lizard populations in high altitude areas.
ZENG Zhigao
1) Data content: species list and distribution data of sand lizard and hemp lizard in the Qaidam Basin, including class, order, family Chinese name, family Latin name, genus Chinese name, genus Latin name, species Latin name, species Chinese name, country, province, city, county, town and township, etc; 2) Data source and processing method: Based on the field investigation of amphibians and reptiles in the arid desert area of the Qaidam Basin from 2007 to 2021, the species composition and distribution range of toad-headed agamas and racerunners in this area are recorded; 3) Data quality description: the investigation, collection and identification personnel of samples are professionals. The collection information of samples is checked to ensure the quality of distribution data; 4) Data application achievements and prospects: comprehensive analysis of species diversity and distribution data of toad-headed agamas and racerunners in the Qaidam Basin can provide important data for biodiversity cataloguing in northwest desert region and arid Central Asia, and provide scientific basis for assessing biodiversity situation and formulating conservation strategies.
GUO Xianguang
1) Data content: comparative analysis results of species diversity of Pan third polar amphipods centered on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in 2021; 2) Data sources and processing methods: Based on 567 genetic data from the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, the phylogenetic tree was constructed by beast software; Based on 3180 distribution data of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, including longitude, latitude and altitude, the predicted distribution maps of LGM, mid hologene, present and future periods are constructed by using ArcView and MaxEnt software; 3) Data quality description: sample collection and longitude, latitude and altitude information are checked to ensure the quality of distribution data. Analysts have been strictly trained in the laboratory; 4) Results and prospects of data application: it is found that the pan third pole with the Qinghai Tibet Plateau as the core includes rich species diversity of amphipods, but most species have not been officially described and published, which needs to be carried out in the next step. The study provides a scientific basis for biodiversity assessment and ecological protection in Tibet.
HOU Zhonge
The Hindu Kush mountains are tall mountains in Central Asia. The average altitude is about 5000 meters, and the highest peak, tiriqmir peak, is 7690 meters above sea level. It is the watershed between the Indus River in the southwest of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Amu Darya River in the Pamir Plateau. Studying the genetic structure of the population in this area will help to deeply understand the diffusion history of the population and the genetic basis of adapting to the plateau environment. Studying the genetic structure of the population in this area will help to deeply understand the diffusion history of the population and the genetic basis of adapting to the plateau environment. In this study, we studied the maternal genetic structure of 213 individuals from 5 populations distributed in Xingdu Kush mountains. The mitochondrial genome sequences of 213 individuals (average depth > 1000x) were obtained by mitochondrial genome capture library construction and second-generation sequencing (Illumina hiseq x ten platform). Based on the idea of phylogeny, we control the quality of these data to ensure that there are no quality problems such as sample pollution. The modified Cambridge standard sequence was used as a reference for the output of mutation sites. According to the mitochondrial DNA phylogenetic tree (phylotree. ORG) of people around the world, each sample was divided into haplotype groups. Based on the mtDNA data of modern population and ancient samples published in the past, the origin and diffusion history of population in this area were systematically studied. The results show that the main maternal genetic components of Indo European populations in this region come from western Eurasia. Haplotypes w3a1a and j1b1a1 may be related to the migration of Indo European language groups, indicating that the diffusion of Indo European language groups to South Asia may not only be a simple cultural expansion, but also accompanied by the migration of some people. In addition, the study also shows that northern Pakistan may play an important channel role in the diffusion of Indo European languages to South Asia.
KONG Qingpeng
This data set includes three land vertebrate infrared cameras and environmental parameter data sets deployed in Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park. The equipment is deployed at two locations in the National Park, with a time span (2020.8-2021.6). Due to equipment maintenance and insufficient illumination, some data are discontinuous, but the data of the three equipment can complement each other and reconstruct all the information of the observation points in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park from August 2020 to June 2021. Two of the three devices are equipped with infrared cameras, which collect 216 photos and 1239 photos respectively, which can match with the above sensor photos or the ecological factor information before and after taking photos. 1. Wild animals, temperature, humidity, light, pressure and network signal strength information in the forest area of tiger and leopard National Park. The acquisition interval is once every half an hour 2. Data source: "development of terrestrial vertebrate monitoring equipment", 2016yfc0500104, completed by: Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, raw data, unprocessed 3. The sensor data acquisition interval is every half an hour. The temperature accuracy is plus or minus 0.1 degrees and the humidity accuracy is plus or minus 0.5%. The photo data is divided into trigger and timing. The trigger data is generally triggered by wild animals in the field of vision of the infrared camera; the timing photo data is dynamically adjusted according to the battery power, and the acquisition interval is between 1-12 hours. 4. This data can be used to record the ambient temperature in the reserve. Combined with the infrared camera data, it can be used to analyze the activity rhythm of wild animals, coexistence analysis and distribution limiting factors.
QIAO Huijie
This data set includes two infrared cameras and environmental parameter data sets of three terrestrial vertebrates deployed in Qilian Mountain reserve. The equipment is deployed near Sidalong in Qilian Mountain reserve, with a time span of (2020.8-2021.10). Due to equipment maintenance and insufficient illumination, some data are discontinuous, but the data of the two equipment can complement each other and reconstruct all the information of observation points in Qilian Mountain reserve from August 2020 to October 2021. One of the two devices is equipped with an infrared camera, which collects 4994 photos, which can be matched with the above sensor photos, or the ecological factor information before and after taking photos. 1. Wild animals and temperature, humidity, light, pressure and network signal strength information in Qilian Mountain reserve. The acquisition interval is once every half an hour 2. Data source: "development of terrestrial vertebrate monitoring equipment", 2016yfc0500104, completed by: Institute of zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, raw data, unprocessed 3. The sensor data acquisition interval is every half an hour. The temperature accuracy is plus or minus 0.1 degrees and the humidity accuracy is plus or minus 0.5%. The photo data is divided into trigger and timing. The trigger data is generally triggered by wild animals in the field of vision of the infrared camera; the timing photo data is dynamically adjusted according to the battery power, and the acquisition interval is between 1-12 hours. 4. This data can be used to record the ambient temperature in the reserve. Combined with the infrared camera data, it can be used to analyze the activity rhythm of wild animals, coexistence analysis and distribution limiting factors.
QIAO Huijie
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify their related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource bank. In May 2021, sub project 3 carried out the investigation and collection of genetic resources of domestic animals in Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Gansu Province. A total of 156 local Tan sheep ear tissues, 44 goat ear tissues and 25 Tibetan sheep ear tissues were collected, totaling 225. At the same time, the individual's body length, height, weight, date of birth, collection date, age, gender and other information were recorded, individual photos were taken, and the feeding methods, feeding food and other information were obtained by questionnaire survey.
TIAN Fei
The ecological resource consumption data set of Tibet includes the ecological resource consumption data of 2000-2019 at the provincial, city and county levels. According to the actual situation of Tibet, ecological resource consumption mainly refers to the amount of ecological resources consumed in agricultural and animal husbandry production activities. The calculation of ecological resource consumption is based on grain production data, livestock stock data and livestock product production data, combined with the evaluation method of human appropriation the net primary productivity (HANPP), convert biomass data into carbon content data, and then calculate the ecological resource consumption. Ecological resource consumption data is the basic data for the study of ecological pressure and ecological carrying capacity, which can directly reveal the pressure of human agricultural and animal husbandry production activities on the ecosystem.
YAN Huiming
In order to collect the special germplasm resources of Qinghai Tibet Plateau and excavate the molecular markers affecting the special germplasm resources, individual sheep with excellent ectopic spots were selected for marker assisted selection, propagation and generation breeding according to the genetic marker information, so as to cultivate the families of special germplasm resources. In 2021, this sub project (2019QZKK05010704) widely collected samples of Qinghai Tibetan sheep and Qinghai fine wool sheep in Haibei, Qinghai, and continued to establish and expand the first and second core groups in Ledu agricultural experimental station and Qinghai Sanjiaocheng sheep breeding farm. This data set contains the basic information of 1050 tissue samples, including variety, collection place, collection time, gender, tissue type, preservation method, etc.
ZHAO Kai
In order to analyze the genomic characteristics, domestication, population history, genetic diversity and population differentiation characteristics of large forehead cattle, as well as the genetic basis of excellent meat economic traits of large forehead cattle, this sub project (2019QZKK05010703) investigated the genetic resources of Dulong cattle and Gaofeng cattle in Kunming and Wenshan Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province in 2021, and collected tissue samples of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney. Provide scientific theoretical reference for the protection, development and utilization of large cattle germplasm resources, and promote the development of high-end beef cattle industry in China. This data set contains individual photos and tissue sample information table, which records basic information such as variety, collection place, collection time, sample type, sampling position and so on.
LI Yan
In order to master the species composition, floristic characteristics and host information of plateau agricultural and animal husbandry elephants and related natural enemy insects such as Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera, establish a DNA bar code rapid identification system of plateau agricultural and animal husbandry natural enemy insects, evaluate the current situation of natural enemy resources, and put forward suggestions for the sustainable utilization of natural enemy insects. The sub project 2019qzkk05010606 carried out the investigation of natural enemy insect resources in key agricultural and pastoral areas, bulk crop related elephants, Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the construction of natural enemy insect species diversity database, and the evaluation of the current situation and sustainable utilization of natural enemy resources. During 2020, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the farming pastoral ecotone, the Farming Forestry ecotone, and the hinterland of farming and pastoral areas in Yunnan Province will carry out the investigation of key groups of natural enemy insects such as Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera, collect samples, biological information and ecological environment information, systematically sort out the samples of natural enemy insects according to the standards and norms, and effectively preserve them, Carry out species morphological identification and obtain DNA bar code information, integrate species geographical distribution, host information, ecological pictures and other information, and build a natural enemy species diversity information database; Evaluate the current situation of natural enemy resources and put forward suggestions for sustainable utilization.
LIU Ning
In order to master the species composition, floristic characteristics and host information of plateau agricultural and animal husbandry elephants and related natural enemy insects such as Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera, establish a DNA bar code rapid identification system of plateau agricultural and animal husbandry natural enemy insects, evaluate the current situation of natural enemy resources, and put forward suggestions for the sustainable utilization of natural enemy insects. The sub project 2019qzkk05010601 carried out the investigation of natural enemy insect resources in key agricultural and pastoral areas, bulk crop related elephants, Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the construction of natural enemy insect species diversity database, and the evaluation of the current situation and sustainable utilization of natural enemy resources. During 2020, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the farming pastoral ecotone, the Farming Forestry ecotone, and the hinterland of farming and pastoral areas in Yunnan Province will carry out the investigation of key groups of natural enemy insects such as Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera, collect samples, biological information and ecological environment information, systematically sort out the samples of natural enemy insects according to the standards and norms, and effectively preserve them, Carry out species morphological identification and obtain DNA bar code information, integrate species geographical distribution, host information, ecological pictures and other information, and build a natural enemy species diversity information database; Evaluate the current situation of natural enemy resources and put forward suggestions for sustainable utilization.
QIAO Gexia
This sub project (2019qzkk05010411) focuses on the population investigation and monitoring of wild yak, Tibetan antelope and brown bear, carries out systematic and continuous field investigation, finds out their geographical distribution, population number and population structure, and carries out appropriate habitat assessment. The distribution area and potential distribution area are selected and divided into multiple sub areas. Stratified random sampling is adopted according to habitat type, climate, altitude and other factors, and the population counting method, variable distance spline method or fixed width spline method are used for investigation respectively. At the same time, in view of the extremely low encounter rate of brown bears, combined with the interview method. The investigation area mainly includes the distribution areas and potential distribution areas of the three animals in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Haixi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and other prefectures and counties in Qinghai Province, in order to master the distribution and five-year population dynamics of wild yak, Tibetan antelope and brown bear in Qinghai Province. This data set contains photos of yaks, Tibetan antelopes and brown bears investigated in Qinghai in 2021.
CHEN Zhenning
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of important rodents on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, clarify their relevant genetic background, analyze their population fluctuation law and influencing factors under the background of global climate change, analyze the impact of plateau pika on birds and its significance in maintaining ecosystem stability, and to explore the adaptation and evolution mechanism of plateau species and build a population outbreak prediction and early warning system, It is of great theoretical and practical significance to correctly understand the status and role of plateau pika in ecosystem and put forward timely and effective population management countermeasures. This sub project (2019qzkk05010410) focuses on the investigation of plateau pika in Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Golog Prefecture and Hainan prefecture of Qinghai in 2021. A total of 200 tissue samples such as spleen and lung of plateau pika were collected. This data set contains 1 sample information table. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel.
QU Jiapeng
Using satellite tracking technology, this sub project (2019QZKK05010409) tracked the overwintering population in the middle of black necked Crane. After catching the black necked Crane by the foot button method, we adopt the foot ring method to fix the tracker, which greatly improves the tracking achievement rate and the amount of data obtained. When the power is ideal, the sampling frequency can be accelerated to one point in half an hour. Get more detailed tracking data. The relevant results show that the selection of wintering sites for black necked cranes is highly stable. Preliminary analysis shows that there is a strong connecting line between wintering sites and breeding sites, but there are also the characteristics of larvae in different summers. The strong migration connectivity indicates that black necked cranes are more vulnerable to environmental changes. This data set contains 200 habitat photos of black necked cranes and 1276 activity data of young black necked cranes. The satellite tracking data sheet of young black necked Crane recorded longitude and latitude, date, altitude, speed, temperature and other information.
WU Heqi
Plateau Zokor and plateau pika are endemic and key species widely distributed in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and surrounding plain areas. Different geographical locations and ecological environment have led to diversified species formation. The research on the origin and evolution of these species needs to be improved. At the same time, their geographical distribution and morphological characteristics are good materials for studying plateau adaptation and adaptive evolution. Comparing the analysis of genome, transcriptome and epigenetics between Plateau and other low altitude plain related species can help to analyze the mechanism of plateau adaptation and preliminarily explore the mechanism of apparent modification in plateau adaptation. In 2021, a total of 112 tissue samples of 16 animals were collected in Qinghai Province. This data set contains a sample information table, which contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, and is stored in the form of Excel. In order to explore the plateau adaptive evolution of flagship species on the plateau, chip SEQ sequencing and transcriptome sequencing were carried out on 16 individuals of Plateau Zokor and Pika in Maduo County and Laji mountain, Qinghai Province. Each individual produced 15GB data, a total of 600gb. The data is stored in fastq format.
LV Xuemei
In order to assess the harm of domestic rodents to biodiversity and people's production and life on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, assess the subsequent potential ecological impact and risk, and provide a new basis for formulating more scientific and effective biological prevention and control and ecological protection measures. This sub project (2019qzkk05010303) conducted a comprehensive field investigation on the species composition, population characteristics and distribution range of domestic rodents in Lhasa, Tibet, Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai and Chengdu, Sichuan in 2021, and collected samples of domestic rodents. A total of 80 tissue samples of rats and mice were collected. This data set contains a tissue sample information table, which records the collection place, collection time, species, sample type and other information.
JING Meidong
In order to describe the distribution of amphibians and reptiles and the harm caused by exotic animals in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, clarify their relevant genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource bank. In 2021, this sub project (2019qzkk05010302) focused on Changdu area and its surrounding areas of Tibet Autonomous Region, and collected 30 germplasm resources of American bullfrog, Zelu frog and verrucous narrow mouth frog. This data set contains one specimen information table, one tissue sample information table, habitat photos and specimen photos. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel.
LI Yiming
This sub project (2019QZKK05010217) plans to select Qinghai sand lizard, an exothermic vertebrate that is very sensitive to environmental changes, as the representative. Through field investigation, we will compare the differences in morphology, physiology and life history of Qinghai sand lizard populations at different altitudes in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas, and analyze the response and adaptation characteristics of Qinghai sand lizard to environmental changes in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, Combined with species distribution model (SDM) and mechanism model, this paper predicts the threatened degree of Qinghai sand lizard in the future, and puts forward the Protection Countermeasures of Qinghai sand lizard diversity on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau under the background of climate warming, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the protection of Reptile Diversity on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau under the background of environmental change. This data includes ecological photos and habitat photos of Qinghai sand lizard in Gonghe County, Haiyan County and Maduo County of Qinghai Province.
DU Weiguo
In order to analyze the phenotype and genetic adaptation of different populations of sand lizard in Tibet to environmental changes, this sub project (2019QZKK05010216) selects the vertical zone of altitude gradient in the plateau as the main line, collects samples throughout the distribution area of red tailed sand lizard, compares the differences of morphology, physiology and life history of different populations, and analyzes their phenotype and genetic adaptation to environmental changes, Combined with the species distribution model and mechanism model, the threatened degree of red tailed sand lizard in the future is predicted, and the Protection Countermeasures of plateau sand lizard under the background of climate warming are put forward, which provides a theoretical basis for the protection of Reptile Diversity on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau under the background of environmental change. In 2021, sand lizard sample resources were collected in Jiuquan, Gansu Province and Delingha, Qinghai Province. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
JI Xiang
In order to determine the distribution points and habitat types of plateau forest frog along the latitudinal gradient in Qinghai, in 2021, a total of 8 distribution points of plateau forest frog were collected in Minhe County of Haidong, Qinghai, Gonghe County of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Maqin County of Golog Prefecture, covering an altitude of 2000-3800m. This dataset contains 1 coordinate information table and 57 habitat photos. The coordinate information table contains information such as number, recording date, time, weather, coordinate longitude and latitude, altitude sample, habitat type and photo number of representative habitat, which are stored in the form of Excel. Photos are stored in JPG format. In order to reveal the impact of climate change on the diversity of plateau forest frogs on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in the future, the thermal safety margin of different geographical populations of plateau forest frogs was calculated through the data of thermophysiological indexes and environmental effective temperature, and the threat of climate warming of different geographical populations of plateau forest frogs was evaluated. This data set includes field activity body temperature, resting metabolic rate, ambient temperature and morphological data of four altitude populations of plateau forest frog, which supplements the selected body temperature, tolerance temperature and temperature correction data of 2000 m altitude populations. The data is stored in Excel format. In order to study the differences of genetic diversity of plateau forest frog at different altitudes, 100 samples of plateau forest frog collected from four altitudes (2000 m, 2600 m, 3200 m and 3800 m) of Qinghai Tibet Plateau were sequenced and analyzed based on the sequences of four mitochondrial genes (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, coi and cytb), so as to provide scientific basis for the protection of this species. This data includes 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA The sequence data obtained from the sequencing of COI and cytb genes supplement the sequence data of four genes of the population at an altitude of 2000m. The data is stored in FASTA format
ZHANG Yongpu
In order to describe the effects of environmental changes and human disturbance on the temporal and spatial distribution of small mammals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, statistical models and molecular techniques were used to identify the species of small mammals with different altitude gradients. In 2021, 105 small mammal resources such as plateau pika, Meriones meridionalis, three toed jerboa, five toed jerboa and Qinghai squirrel were collected in 8 areas of Xihai Town, Gangcha county and Delingha city of Qinghai Province. The solid samples include animal solid samples and muscles, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, pancreas, bladder, testis and ovary. This data set contains one specimen information table, one tissue sample information table and one photo corresponding to each specimen. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
HOU Xiang
In order to understand the distribution and diversity of amphibians and fish in Namuco basin of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and master the basic data of regional amphibians and fish resources. Based on the field survey of vertebrate diversity in naweizi (k05002) in recent decades, the impact of climate change on naweizi (k05002) has been analyzed. In 2021, a comprehensive survey was conducted in Namucuo basin of Tibet Autonomous Region. This data set contains 1 sample information table and 200 photos. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
ZHAO Tian
In order to explore the species diversity, genetic diversity and distribution pattern of amphibians and reptiles in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and Hengduanshan area, clarify their classification and evolutionary status, as well as related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource bank. In 2021, 50 amphibian and reptile specimens and 100 tissue samples collected from 2020 to 2021 will be sorted out. This data set contains 1 sample information table, 1 specimen information table and 300 photos. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, detailed sampling place, longitude and latitude, altitude, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel table. Photos, stored in JPG format.
LI Jiatang
This sub project (2019qzkk05010121) systematically investigates the Jiayuguan Jiuquan Yumen Jinta area of Qilian Mountain, finds out the species, population number, geographical distribution, interference status and protection status of wild animals in four counties (districts), establishes the regional species diversity database, and writes the species list and wild animal investigation report of Qilian Mountain. Evaluate the suitable habitats of key species, master the differences of species diversity in different regions, seasons and habitats and the dynamic change law of wild animals in Qilian Mountain, reveal the key influencing factors of species diversity, and provide scientific basis for future ecological and wildlife protection and management decisions.
CHEN Jiarui
In order to fully grasp the current situation of terrestrial wildlife resources in Qilian Mountain, collect relevant data on the species distribution, population number and habitat of terrestrial wildlife in the reserve, and reveal the key influencing factors of species diversity and the important factors for the stability of ecosystem. This sub project (2019qzkk05010120) makes a systematic investigation on Haiyan Gangcha Menyuan of Qilian Mountain, investigates in detail the species, population number, geographical distribution, habitat information, protection status and threatened factors of wild animals in the three counties (districts), establishes the regional species diversity database, and writes the investigation and evaluation report of wild animal species diversity in the region. And further evaluate the biodiversity, typicality, rarity, vulnerability, naturalness and scientific research value of the region, reveal the key influencing factors of species diversity and the important factors of ecosystem stability, and put forward strategies, suggestions and measures for the protection and sustainable utilization of biodiversity.
WANG Xifeng
Through the field investigation of min, Ledu, Huzhu and Datong, the species, relative quantity, distribution area, interference status and protection status of wild animals in 4 counties (districts) of Qilian Mountain in Qinghai are mastered, and the species list and field investigation report of wild animals in 4 counties (districts) of Qilian Mountain are prepared. According to the field survey results, evaluate the suitable habitat of endangered protected species, the threat and interference status of endangered protected species, reveal the key influencing factors of species diversity, and provide scientific basis for the future ecological and wildlife protection and management decision-making in the region. In 2021, the sub project 2019qzkk05010114 conducted the second annual survey of wild animals in Minhe, Ledu, Huzhu and Datong counties (districts) by using the transect method, transect method and transect method. A total of 255 species of wild animals were recorded, belonging to 22 orders, 59 families and 172 genera. Among them, there are 4 amphibians, 2 reptiles, 220 birds and 29 mammals.
LIU Wei
In order to analyze the animal diversity pattern of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and establish the corresponding animal specimen database. The sub project 2019qzkk05010113 was concentrated in the West Tianshan Mountain of Xinjiang in 2021. A total of 200 specimens and tissue samples of local wild animals, such as common vole and Apodemus agrarius, were collected. The solid samples include 200 specimen information tables and 500 photos, such as animal individuals, skins and tissues. This data set includes 1 data set specification table, 1 specimen information table and 1 tissue sample information table. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
JIANG Xuelong
Tianshan Mountain is one of the seven mountain systems in the world. It is located in the hinterland of Eurasia, the largest land on the earth. Tianshan Mountain stretches 1700 kilometers from west to East in Xinjiang, China, covering an area of more than 570000 square kilometers. Scholars usually divide the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang into three parts: West Tianshan, Middle Tianshan and East Tianshan. The West Tianshan Mountain is represented by the West Tianshan Mountain National Nature Reserve, a world natural heritage site located in kurdning, Gongliu county. It has the richest wildlife resources in Tianshan Mountain and is a key area of Tianshan Mountain Biodiversity. This sub project (2019qzkk05010111) takes large and medium-sized mammals and amphibians and reptiles as the research object, finds out the spatial distribution of large and medium-sized mammals and amphibians and reptiles through investigation, collects representative species specimens and tissue samples, and takes photos. To provide basic data for studying the seasonal variation characteristics of species richness and species replacement altitude distribution pattern of large and medium-sized mammals, amphibians and reptiles in the Western Tianshan Mountains, as well as the main factors affecting the variation of the diversity pattern of the above two kinds of animals.
WANG Muyang
In order to analyze the animal diversity pattern of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and establish the corresponding animal specimen database. The sub project 2019qzkk05010110 was concentrated in Ya'an City, Sichuan Province and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in 2021. A total of 200 specimens and tissue samples of local wild animals, such as Apodemus agrarius and social mice, were collected. The solid samples include animal individuals, skins, tissues, etc. This data set contains 200 sample information tables and 374 photos. This data set includes 1 data set specification table, 1 specimen information table and 1 tissue sample information table. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
CHEN Zhongzheng
In order to analyze the animal diversity pattern of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and establish the corresponding animal specimen database. In 2021, this sub project (2019QZKK05010109) focused on Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. A total of 271 specimens of local wild animals, such as Apodemus agrarius and social rats, were collected. The solid samples include animal individuals, skins, tissues, etc. This data set contains one specimen information table (271 copies), one tissue sample information table (271 copies), and photos taken by Tibet Chayu moto infrared camera. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
LI Xueyou
In order to investigate the distribution of birds in Tibet, the sub project sub project 2019qzkk05010108 conducted an important investigation on the background resources of birds in Beibeng Township, Motuo County in 2021, especially conducted an in-depth and detailed bird investigation on the understory birds in xirang village, Didong village and green village near the illegal Indian controlled area, and analyzed the composition of the understory bird community at medium and low altitude. A total of 717 bird specimens were collected, including 73 bird species. The results showed that the main dominant species in the investigated altitude range (600 ~ 1500m, mainly in the middle and low altitude) were stachyris nigriceps, schoeniparus cinereus, cyanoderma chrysaeum and alcippe nipalensis). There are also occasional species such as Zoothera monticola. This data set includes specimen photos, habitat photos, working photos, specimen information table and tissue sample information table.
WU Fei
This sub project aims to conduct comprehensive investigation and Research on amphibian groups in weak and key areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, namely the Himalayas and Hengduan Mountains, obtain background data of regional animal diversity, collect a batch of specimens, collect specimens of species and environmental photos, and analyze and study amphibian diversity and its spatial pattern. In 2021, 500 local amphibian tissue samples were collected in Motuo County, Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region. This data set includes 1 tissue sample table, 1 specimen sample table and 900 photos. The sample information table includes basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed collection, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which are stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
YUAN Zhiyong
In order to find out the current situation of Reptile Diversity, population number and habitat type in southern Tibet, grasp the temporal and spatial characteristics of its distribution, and establish the reptile resource Germplasm Bank in this region. In 2021, a total of 200 reptile tissue samples and 50 specimens were collected mainly in southern Tibet of the Tibet Autonomous Region (Chayu County, Motuo County, Mangkang County, Nyingchi County, etc.). This data set contains 2 sample information tables and 400 photos. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
GUO Peng
In order to analyze the characteristics of fish diversity in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and evaluate the current situation of fish diversity protection in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The sub project 2019qzkk05010102 conducted field investigation and collected 1200 fish samples and tissue samples in Wuwei City, Jinchang City, Jiuquan City and Zhangye City, Gansu Province in 2021. The information of pectoral fin tissue samples cut from collected specimens, including the number of tissue samples, species classification status, geographical coordinates, altitude, habitat, preservation method and other information, shall be recorded and saved in Excel. This data set also includes 1600 photos of fish specimens, habitat photos and working photos, and 82 working videos.
HE Dekui
In order to systematically investigate insect species and analyze the distribution pattern of insect diversity in and around Motuo, Tibet, this sub project (2019qzkk05010101) collects representative insect groups such as Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and Hemiptera by using trap method, net scanning method, lamp trap method and Malay's net method in Motuo and surrounding areas, Tibet, and records the information of insect specimens, Take pictures and videos of insects. This data set contains insect habitat photos and working photos taken in Motuo County, Bomi County, Chayu County, Nyingchi city and Milin County, Tibet from 2020 to 2021. Solid specimens are kept in the National Animal Museum.
LIANG Hongbin
The dataset includes pictures of culturable bacterial colonies from Amuco (AMC), Bangkog Co (BGC), Palung 4 glacier (PL4) and Yuzhufeng (YZF) ice core on the Tibetan Plateau, which can reflect basic information such as color and transparency of colonies. A table of information is attached, including the latitude and longitude of the colony's origin, water depth and color, etc. In this experiment, different bacteria were isolated from ice, snow, lake and other habitats on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. These bacteria show different colors, which may be related to the bacteria adapting to the environment of strong radiation, low temperature and oligotrophic on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and adapting to the harsh environment through different pigment production capacity. The colonies are obtained by coating the lake water plate and culturing at low temperature (4 ℃) (R2A medium, etc.) to determine that they are pollution-free and single colonies. 16S rRNA full-length sequencing will be carried out for the obtained single colony, and whether it is a new species will be determined by 97% similarity; If the sequence similarity between this strain and the most similar strain is less than 97%, a whole genome mapping will be carried out to determine the phylogenetic relationship of this strain in the corresponding genera, families and even phyla, and determine whether this strain has a new developmental status to supplement the microbial diversity of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau.
LIU Yongqin
This vegetation water content data set is derived from the ground synchronous observation in the Luanhe River Basin soil moisture remote sensing experiment, including 55 sampled plots.The vegetation types involved in these sampled plots include grass, corn, potatoes, naked oats and carrots. The data measurement time is from September 13, 2018 to September 26, 2018.
ZHENG Xingming, JIANG Tao
Using adenosine content as a quality index of O. sinensis, we developed a comprehensive niche modelling approach to predict the spatial pattern of O. sinensis quality. Based on distribution and quality data for O. sinensis from published field work and experimental data, we separately built a comprehensive habitat suitability model to identify suitable habitats and a spatial quality model to map the adenosine content pattern in O. sinensis. The final model result was defined as the product of the results of the two models. Via this modelling process, we analysed the adenosine content in O. sinensis under baseline climates and different scenarios of future climate change.
GUO Yanlong
The data are phytoplankton data of 61 sites in 23 lakes in Tibetan in 2019. The sampling time is from August to September in 2019. The sampling method is conventional phytoplankton sampling method. During the sampling process, 1 liter of water sample is collected, fixed by Lugo's solution, static sedimentation, siphon concentration, and inverted microscope is used for identification. The data include 6 phyla, such as Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, cyanobacteria, Pyrrophyta, Euglenophyta and Cryptophyta, and different phytoplankton species. The data is the original data, which has not been processed, and the unit is individuals / L. The data can be used to characterize the composition and abundance of phytoplankton in the open water area of these lakes, and can also be used to calculate the diversity of phytoplankton community in these lakes.
ZHANG Min
Based on the combined morphological, osteological characters and molecular phylogeny, we describe a new species of the genus Elaphe that was discovered from the south slope of the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, China, namely Elaphe xiphodonta sp. nov. It is distinguished from the other congeners by a combination of the following characters: dorsal scales in 21-21-17 rows, the medial 11 rows keeled; 202–204 ventral scales, 67–68 subcaudals; two preoculars (including one subpreocular); two postoculars; two anterior temporals, three posterior temporals; reduced maxillary teeth and dentary teeth number (maxillary teeth 9+2, dentary teeth 12; sharp cutting edges on the posterior or posterolateral surface of the rear maxillary teeth and dentary teeth; dorsa head yellow, three distinct markings on head and neck; a distinct black labial spot present in supralabials; dorsum yellow, 46–49 complete (or incomplete) large black-edged reddish brown blotches on body and 12–19 on tail, two rows of smaller blotches on each ventrolateral side; ventral scales yellow with mottled irregular black blotches, a few irregular small red spots dispersed on middle of ventral. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, the new species forms the sister taxon to E. zoigeensis. The discovery of this new species increases the number of the recognized species of the genus Elaphe to 20.
SHI Jingsong
This data includes the benthos data of 21 lakes around Selinco and Namco in 2019. The sampling mainly uses bottom trawl in the littoral zone and Ekman collector in the deep-water area. After integrating the materials obtained by the two ways, the relative abundance of benthos data of each lake is given. The main benthos species are Gammarus, water beetles, and chironomid larvae. However, the frequency of Gastropoda and Ostracoda is low, which may be related to the sampling sites. The data further divided different types of benthos into 21 taxa, which improved the recognition accuracy and cognitive range and would provide a reference for the assessment of aquatic animal diversity and fishery resources in plateau lakes.
TANG Hongqu
The data includes: zooplankton species list; zooplankton density; microscopy; high-throughput sequencing; complete data; constructing an original data set for lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Zooplankton is an indispensable link in lake water ecological investigation, and it is a link between the system The location of the food web is an important carrier for the material circulation and energy flow of the food web. The systematic investigation and study of the composition and biodiversity of the zooplankton in the lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is particularly important for understanding the stability and resilience of the lake ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In addition, Zooplankton are very sensitive to environmental changes, and changes in their structure and functional groups can indicate the intensity and magnitude of environmental pressure.
LI Yun
Net primary production (NPP) is the basic resource to maintain the life of human and heterotrophic organisms. It is the basic index to measure the structural characteristics and carrying capacity of ecosystem. In this study, the total primary production (GPP) data of 2015 based on the vegetation photosynthesis model (VPM) was used to calculate the NPP data by calculating the ratio of autotrophic respiration. The data can be used to analyze the spatial pattern of vegetation productivity in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, which is of great significance to the ecological protection of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
YAN Huiming
Dataset of biodiversity survey in the urbanized area of Tibetan Plateau mainly includes the survey datasets of waterbird diversity and vegetation diversity in the Qinghai Lake Basin. From July to August in 2020, 24 waterbird observation sites were set up around Qinghai Lake, such as sites located in Ganzi River wetland and Buha River estuary, etc., and the species and population of waterbirds were recorded by telescope observations and drones. Besides, 28 plots (1m×1m) were selected based on the local vegetation types, and elements of vegetation types, frequency and biomass were recorded. Our dataset will support the study of optimizing the ecological security barrier system in the key urbanized areas of the Tibetan Plateau.
CHEN Kelong, CHEN Zhirong
In order to evaluate and construct the rapid identification system of DNA barcodes for agricultural and pastoral insects, and put forward reasonable suggestions for sustainable utilization, from 2019 to 2020, this project carried out routine DNA extraction and identification of natural enemies of Hymenoptera, such as Hemiptera, bee pollinators, Lepidoptera, parasitic wasps, weevil and other natural enemies of groups other than Hymenoptera collected from the main agricultural and pastoral areas of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Using universal primers for PCR amplification and sequencing, 2000 DNA barcodes were obtained. The data is stored in FAS file. The information of sample species and collection sites was summarized in the information of tissue samples (2020) of the second Qinghai Tibet scientific expedition (2019qzk0501).
QIAO Gexia
The animal resources and their reasonable protection, development and utilization in Hoh Xil area of Qinghai Province are based on the comprehensive scientific investigation of Hoh Xil area carried out from May to August 1990. With the rapid increase of population in this century and the increasing intensity of human demand for natural resources, the resources have been seriously damaged, and the deterioration of natural environment and the increasing depletion of resources have become the focus of the world One of the most prominent problems in the world. In particular, the living environment of wild animals is still in a completely natural state, which is rare on earth. Most of Hoh Xil area is still a no man's land. It retains the original state of the ecosystem, and is also a refuge for many rare and unique resource animals. Therefore, it is a rare treasure land with rich animal resources in China and the world. Because of the bad natural conditions and the extremely difficult transportation in Hoh Xil area, zoologists have not been involved in this area for a long time. From May to August 1990, the animal group of the national comprehensive scientific investigation team of Hoh Xil region had the honor to go deep into the region to carry out resource investigation. They had a relatively clear understanding of the resource background and mastered a large number of first-hand materials, thus filling the scientific blank of animal resources in this region.
FENG Zuojian
Plateau medicine and human physiology research in Kekexili area of Qinghai Province, the data are from the comprehensive scientific investigation of Kekexili area carried out from May to August 1990. With the human marching into the plateau area, plateau medicine, a main branch of environmental medicine, is quietly rising. Although the research of plateau medicine has gone through more than a century (1987), many mechanisms remain unresolved. Medical scientists have organized academic mountaineering for many times to carry out Alpine medical investigation (West JB, 1982; Wu T, y, 1992). However, most of them are limited to observing the changes of the internal environment of the aircraft through the intense movement of climbing mountains, which is far from the daily life and labor of human beings on the plateau. After almost all the mountains in the world have been conquered by human beings, there are still a few highland hinterlands that have not been set foot in. Hoh Xil is such a "no man's land" on the earth. The magical color and adventurous career are attracting brave explorers. The effects of high altitude hypoxia, low temperature, low humidity and strong ultraviolet on human body are the most attractive research fields in Applied Physiology.
FENG Zuojian
Hoh Xil area is located in the hinterland of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, south of Kunlun Mountain, north of Tanggula Mountain and west of Qinghai Tibet highway. From May to August 1990, the comprehensive scientific investigation team of Kekexili region, jointly organized by the State Science and Technology Commission, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Qinghai provincial government and the State Environmental Protection Bureau, with the strong support of the Qinghai provincial government, carried out a large-scale comprehensive investigation in the region and obtained rich first-hand precious information. Biologists all over the world have realized more and more clearly that the most urgent task at present is to conduct a comprehensive investigation of some species before they are stable or extinct in the natural ecosystem, and the investigation of species diversity is the most critical, because if we do not correctly understand the species in a certain area and their role in the natural ecosystem, it will be seriously damaged Affect the development of other work. Most of the Hoh Xil area in Qinghai Province is still a no man's land. There is almost no investigation and Research on the biodiversity and resources in this area. Therefore, this scientific research is of great scientific significance.
FENG Zuojian
The data of birds in Kekexili area of Qinghai Province are from the comprehensive scientific investigation of Kekexili area carried out from May to August 1990. In the composition of birds, all of them are Palaearctic, and the composition of Qinghai Tibet area accounts for a large proportion, reaching as many as 18 species. Kekexili is closely related to the whole plateau in terms of geological structure or physical and geographical conditions, and its bird composition also reflects The correlation is analyzed. On the one hand, the composition of the Qinghai Tibet region accounts for a large proportion; on the other hand, the local habitat formed by its special location is extremely arid, which makes it difficult for the composition of the Qinghai Tibet region to extend into its hinterland; on the other hand, the composition of the Inner Mongolia new area is difficult to adapt due to the high temperature and cold, which makes the bird species, distribution and population in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau extremely low Different from other areas of the plateau, Hoh Xil area has always been an uninhabited area, lacking zoological data, which is conducive to the study of Hoh Xil area.
FENG Zuojian
The data of insects and other arthropods in Kekexili area of Qinghai Province are from the comprehensive scientific investigation of Kekexili area from May to August 1990. The central area of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, known as the "roof of the world", is Kekexili area. Due to its high terrain, sparse vegetation, low air temperature and less rainfall, its insect fauna is extremely unique, which is a Typical Alpine insect fauna. Because of the high altitude, cold climate, low air pressure, lack of fresh water, no roads and extremely bad natural conditions in Hoh Xil area. From May 1990 to August 1990, more than 4000 specimens were collected, including ten orders of Insecta: Collembola, Ephemeroptera, zhenptera, trichophaga, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and fleas, and three other classes of invertebrates, such as Branchiopoda and labiopoda Chilopoda and Arachnida. In Insecta, Diptera is the most, followed by Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. It provides a reference for the following research.
FENG Zuojian
This data includes the soil microbial composition data in permafrost of different ages in Barrow area of the Arctic. It can be used to explore the response of soil microorganisms to the thawing in permafrost of different ages. This data is generated by high through-put sequencing using the earth microbiome project primers are 515f – 806r. The region amplified is the V4 hypervariable region, and the sequencing platform is Illumina hiseq PE250; This data is used in the articles published in cryosphere, Permafrost thawing exhibits a greater influence on bacterial richness and community structure than permafrost age in Arctic permafrost soils. The Cryosphere, 2020, 14, 3907–3916, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3907-2020https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3907-2020 . This data can also be used for the comparative analysis of soil microorganisms across the three poles.
KONG Weidong
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of the main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify their genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource database, the undergraduate team collected local animals in Dali, Yunnan, Shangri La, Mangkang, Luqu, Chayu, Changdu, Hetian and Yili regions from 2018 to 2019 The blood or tissue samples of the animals were collected, and the corresponding individual photos were taken at the same time. Each folder contains a set of photos of local domestic animals and a sample information sheet. Photos are stored in JPG format. The information table records the basic sample information such as species, species, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, and stores them in the form of Excel.
YIN Tingting, PENG Minsheng
In order to collect the characteristic Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources in Qinghai Tibet Plateau and explore the molecular markers that affect the quality of the germplasm resources, the scientific research team of task five sub project 2019qzk05010704 extensively collected samples of Qinghai Tibetan sheep and Qinghai fine wool sheep in Haibei and Haixi of Qinghai Province from 2019 to 2020, and established the first and second core groups in Ledu agricultural experimental station and Sanjiaocheng sheep breeding farm of Qinghai Province. This data set contains a lambing information table, which records the lambing records of 2074 sheep. The information table includes basic sample information such as gender, lambing time, birth weight, etc., which is saved in Excel form. Individual photos were saved in JPG format and submitted to the "photo video of the second Qinghai Tibet scientific expedition (2019qzk0501) (2020)" dataset. This data set can be used in combination with physical samples to screen individual sheep with superior heterotopic sites for marker assisted selection, propagation and generation selection, and to cultivate families with special germplasm resources.
ZHAO Kai
In order to investigate the species, dispersal location and ecological impact of alien fish on the local indigenous fish in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the scientific research team of task 5 sub project 2019qzk05010304 investigated the lower reaches of Lhasa River and Yarlung Zangbo River from 2019 to 2020. This dataset contains a sample information table, which includes fish species, sample point information, sampling time, collector and other basic sample information, and is saved in the form of Excel. A metadata description document, saved in the form of Excel table. 160 photos were saved in JPG format and submitted to the "photo video of the second Qinghai Tibet scientific expedition (2019qzk0501) (2020)" dataset.
XIONG Wen
Alpine vulture is a unique species of falciformes raptors in China. Its distribution area is not wide, and its population is small and shows a downward trend. The population, distribution, habitat and protection of Alpine vultures in China have not been systematically and comprehensively investigated, and the resource status is unclear. In order to find out the population, habitat and protection status of this species, and to study the behavioral adaptation characteristics of this species to the unique habitat of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, so as to provide scientific support for the effective protection of this species. In Tibet Autonomous Region, the undergraduate team used the method of motor vehicle transect survey to count the number of individuals in a certain time and distance, combined with the method of walking survey to observe the distance from the road into various representative habitats. This dataset contains 15 field observation routes in Tibet in 2019 and 25 in 2020. At the same time, the animals such as Tibetan fox, rock sheep, wolf, Tibetan antelope, Tibetan wild donkey and Tibetan gazelle were recorded. The data includes sample line number, date, start time, end time, start point, end point, weather, and the information of animal name, quantity, distance, behavior and habitat.
MA Qiang
As a rare and endangered animal in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the study of its population genetic diversity, population structure, population dynamics and key influencing factors is of great value to climate change and human disturbance in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. In order to clarify the population dynamics and the key influencing factors of two kinds of snow chickens (Tibetan snow chicken and Himalayan snow chicken), based on the 3S (GPS, GIS and RS) theory of line survey technology, this sub project recorded and collected the distribution information of two kinds of snow chickens in the Qilian Mountains in July 2020, and used the maximum entropy, random forest and other statistical models to infer the species distribution. Complete the collection of genetic resources, population survey and habitat assessment of two kinds of Snowcock in Qilian Altun mountain area. This data set contains species, scientific name, longitude and latitude, survey area, investigator and survey date information.
ZHANG Lixun
We used satellite tracking technology to track some wintering populations of black necked Crane. After catching the black necked Crane with the foot buckle method, we fixed the tracker with backpack method. The total weight of the tracker is 45g, accounting for less than 1% of the weight of the black necked Crane. After flying, we get the tracking data of the black necked Crane by sampling comments of one activity point per hour, and draw these data on the map, so as to obtain the activity track of the black necked Crane during the winter. The results showed that the selection of wintering sites for black necked cranes was highly stable. Preliminary analysis showed that there was a strong link between wintering sites and breeding sites. Strong migration connectivity indicates that black necked cranes are more vulnerable to environmental changes. These results suggest that it is important to strengthen the protection of overwintering habitat. At the same time, we need to take a variety of methods to monitor the population health and dynamics of black necked Crane. This data set contains species name, location, time, longitude and latitude, altitude, speed, temperature and other information.
WU Heqi
Plateau Zokor (Eospalax) Baileyi is an animal of mole family and zokor genus. It lives in underground dark closed caves for a long time and does not hibernate. It mainly feeds on the underground roots of plants. It reproduces once a year and produces 1-6 pups per litter. It mainly inhabits in humid river terraces, mountain basins, beaches and Foothills such as alpine meadow, meadow grassland, alpine shrub, plateau farmland and barren slope Slope, only distributed in Western and Northwest China, 2800-4500m above sea level. The plateau zokor distributed in high altitude area not only faces the hypoxia stress of underground cave, but also faces the dual pressure of plateau hypoxia. Long term hypoxic life not only accumulates adaptive mutations in genome sequence, but also reflects adaptive regulation changes in genome structure and gene expression regulation. By analyzing DNA methylation and transcriptome data of Plateau Zokor at different altitudes, we can try to analyze the adaptive evolution and regulation mechanism of Plateau Zokor at the level of apparent regulation and gene expression.
LV Xuemei
From September 5 to September 26, 2020, the bird research team of the Institute of zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, composed of eight people, including Zhang Dezhi, the sub project leader, respectively inspected yadonggou, Yadong County, Xigaze City, chentanggou, Dingjie County, and zhangmugou, Nyalam County, Himalayan region, and successfully completed this year's field research. The observation data is composed of bird species names, observation sites and observation time, including not only the Himalayan region, but also a small number of sites. The collected bird species data were also incorporated into the data set. The corresponding photos and videos were collected into the data set of the animal special topic "the second Qinghai Tibet scientific research plateau animal diversity protection and sustainable use (2019qzk0501) photo and video (2020)".
ZHANG Dezhi
In order to reveal the spatial pattern of bird diversity distribution and explore the construction mechanism of Himalayan bird community. In 2020, a total of 775 bird survey sites will be collected in Chayu and Motuo counties of Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region. This data set contains a sample information table, which contains 4029 bird observation data. Each information includes species name, Latin name, sampling place, survey time, investigator, altitude, habitat type, distance from the midpoint and other basic information, which is stored in Excel. The corresponding photos and videos were collected into the data set of the animal special topic "the second Qinghai Tibet scientific research plateau animal diversity protection and sustainable use (2019qzk0501) photo and video (2020)".
WU Fei
The global land surface characteristic parameter (LAI) product was used with a spatial resolution of 5 km. The product uses generalized regression neural network method to retrieve Lai from AVHRR surface reflectance data. In this study, 12 issues of Lai data products from June to August of each year in five Central Asian countries, Mongolia and Northern China from 1981 to 2017 were downloaded from the national science and technology infrastructure platform National Earth System Science Data Center. These images are cropped by ArcGIS software, and the maximum value is calculated to obtain the spatiotemporal data set of the largest Lai. Among them, five Central Asian countries include Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan; northern China refers to the area north of the Yangtze River in China.
ZHANG Na
The global land surface characteristic parameter (LAI) product was used with a spatial resolution of 5 km. The product uses generalized regression neural network method to retrieve Lai from AVHRR surface reflectance data. In this study, 12 issues of Lai data products from June to August of each year in five Central Asian countries, Mongolia and Northern China from 1981 to 2017 were downloaded from the national science and technology infrastructure platform National Earth System Science Data Center. These images are cropped by ArcGIS software, and the maximum value is calculated to obtain the spatiotemporal data set of the largest Lai. Among them, five Central Asian countries include Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan; northern China refers to the area north of the Yangtze River in China.
ZHANG Na
This data is the hydrological data of kuzhan hydrological station in the middle reaches of the Xier river. The station is jointly built by Urumqi Institute of desert meteorology of China Meteorological Administration, Institute of water energy and ecology of Tajik National Academy of Sciences and Tajik hydrometeorological Bureau. The data can be used for scientific research such as water resources assessment and water conservancy projects in Central Asia. Data period: November 2, 2019 to December 5, 2020. Data elements: Hourly velocity (M / s), hourly water level (m) and hourly rainfall (m) Site location: 40 ° 17 ′ 38 ″ n, 69 ° 40 ′ 18 ″ e, 320m
ZHANG Na
The global land surface characteristic parameter (LAI) product was used with a spatial resolution of 5 km. The product uses generalized regression neural network method to retrieve Lai from AVHRR surface reflectance data. In this study, 12 issues of Lai data products from June to August of each year in five Central Asian countries, Mongolia and Northern China from 1981 to 2017 were downloaded from the national science and technology infrastructure platform National Earth System Science Data Center. These images are cropped by ArcGIS software, and the maximum value is calculated to obtain the spatiotemporal data set of the largest Lai. Among them, five Central Asian countries include Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan; northern China refers to the area north of the Yangtze River in China.
ZHANG Na
The birds along elevation gradients in Gangrigabu Mountains were investigated by point count method. With a 400-meter elevational gradient, elevation zones were set up in the survey area. Five elevation zones were built in the north slope from TongMai Town to Galong Temple in Bome County, and 8 elevation zones were built in the south slope from Jiefang Bridge to Galongla in Medog County. So that we can make clear about the pattern and maintenance mechanism of bird diversity along elevation gradients in this region. The data of bird diversity and distribution will be used to further explore the key scientific issues such as the impact of climate change on bird diversity and adaptation strategies, and the response and protection strategies of bird species diversity under the global climate change.
YANG Xiaojun
In November 2020, we made a collection in Qinghai Tibet Plateau were collected by net and electric capture methods, and the sampling area included the main water systems in Qinghai Province. A total of 30 sampling points were collected, and 685 fish specimens were collected in 12 points, including Schizothorax of loach.This work is a part of the project of “Building Methods for Detection of Aquatic Organisms in the Lake System of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”, using traditional fish survey data to generate a list of species in the lake system, which will then be used to combine multiple lakes in the plateau. High-throughput molecular data acquired from the system's environmental water samples and tested for visual parameters (lake size, isolation, geographic location, and spectral characteristics) that can be used to predict aquatic biodiversity.
LIU Shuwei
From October to November 2020, we used both live traps and camera traps to collect mammal diversity and distributions along the elevational gradients at the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve. We set trap lines for small mammals inventory, with a total of 8000 live trap nights. We collected 526 individuals and1052 tissue samples of small mammals during the field sampling. We also retrived images of 130 camera traps placed between May 2020 and October 2020. We obtained 4218 pictures of wild animals,25 species of large and medium mammals were recorded.. The camera traps were reset in the same locations after renew batteries and memory cards. Small mammal data consist of richness, abundance, traits, environmental gradients etc, and could be used to model relationship between environmental gradients and traits concatenated by richness matrix. Camera trap data could inventory endangered species in the region, and provide information to identify biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities.
LI Xueyou
The data mainly include one belt, one road, the flagship species (POLYGON) and the POINT (DOT) distribution in the countries and key areas along the route, data sources IUCN and GIBF. The basic data base map of distribution map is downloaded from arconline map. One belt, one road area, is used to analyze the spatial distribution of flagship species in the key area. 1) data one belt, one road animal area (Central Asia Great Lakes region, China Brazil economic corridor and Sanjiang source National Park), and 9 species of mammals, 15 species of higher plants and fungi, 20 species of birds and 3 species of fishes. 2) data sources one by one: one belt, one road, the flagship species list and its distribution basic data: the red list of IUCN and the geographic spatial data of GBIF, and the distribution map of each species is generated by AcrMap software, and the atlas is formed. 3) Data quality description: after strict literature investigation and field investigation, each species determined the flagship standard, and strictly screened and scored according to the principle of "flagship selection standard (at least 4 of the 6 indicators)" by mammalian experts, higher botany and mycology experts, ornithology experts and ichthyology experts, and selected those with a score of more than 25 points Species atlas production. The longitude and latitude information of each species' geospatial data was checked by professionals, and the map was made according to the unified mapping standard. 4) data application one after another: one belt, one road, the survival status, ecological value and humanistic economic value of the flagship species in the "one belt and one way" area were investigated.
WANG Yuhua, ZHANG Yuanming, YANG Weikang, CHEN Yifeng, QU Yanhua, CHEN Shilong, ZHUANG Huifu, WANG Yanan, LIN Zihong
The data mainly include one belt, one road, the flagship species (POLYGON) and the POINT (DOT) distribution in the countries and key areas along the route, data sources IUCN and GIBF. The basic data base map of distribution map is downloaded from arconline map. This data is mainly one to analyze one belt, one road, the spatial layout of flagship species. 1) data one belt, one road animal along the "one belt" along the 8 countries (Pakistan, Nepal, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Burma), and 12 species of mammals, 1 species of higher plants, 23 species of birds, 9 species of fish. 2) data sources one by one: one belt, one road, the flagship species list and its distribution basic data: the red list of IUCN and the geographic spatial data of GBIF, and the distribution map of each species is generated by AcrMap software, and the atlas is formed. 3) Data quality description: after strict literature investigation and field investigation, each species determined the flagship standard, and strictly screened and scored according to the principle of "flagship selection standard (at least 4 of the 6 indicators)" by mammalian experts, higher botany and mycology experts, ornithology experts and ichthyology experts, and selected those with a score of more than 25 points Species atlas production. The longitude and latitude information of each species' geospatial data was checked by professionals, and the map was made according to the unified mapping standard. 4) data application one year and prospects: one belt, one road, 8 countries, and their survival, ecological value, and humanistic economic value were studied.
WANG Yuhua, ZHANG Yuanming, YANG Weikang, CHEN Yifeng, QU Yanhua, CHEN Shilong, ZHUANG Huifu, WANG Yanan, LIN Zihong
The study of fossils in Bangor and Lunpola is of great significance, and the date of fossils is indispensable. There are volcanic tuffs in this area. Zircon can be used for U-Pb age analysis to determine the age of strata and fossils. This data shows the zircon U-Pb age analysis results of tuff samples from bango and Lunpola fossil sites in a graphical way. The figure shows the shape of a large number of zircons, and indicates the age analysis results on different zircon samples. The data show the large sample size used in related research, and the analysis results are also clear. The image display of this data is intuitive and clear, and the results are reliable, which is of great significance to the study of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
SUN Boyang
1) Data content: species list and distribution data of Phrynocephalus and Eremais in Tarim Basin, including class, order, family, genus, species, and detailed distribution information including country, province, city and county; 2) Data source and processing method: Based on the field survey of amphibians and reptiles in Tarim Basin from 2008 to 2020, and recording the species composition and distribution range of Phrynocephalus and Eremias in this area; 3) Data quality description: the investigation, collection and identification of samples are all conducted by professionals, and the collection of samples information are checked to ensure the quality of distribution data; 4) Data application results and prospects: Through comprehensive analysis of the dataset, the list of species diversity and distribution can provide important data for biodiversity cataloguing in arid central Asia, and provide scientific basis for assessing biodiversity pattern and formulating conservation strategies.
GUO Xianguang
From April 2020 to August 2020, sub project 3 collected 51 ear tissue samples of Qinghai fine wool sheep distributed in Haiyan County, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, 50 blood samples of Oula sheep in Tongde County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, 50 blood samples of yak in Tongde County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, 60 blood samples of Haidong donkey in Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County, Xining City, and tissue samples A total of 211 copies. At the same time, the information of body length, body height, weight, age and gender, as well as the data of economic traits such as litter size, wool fineness and wool length were recorded. The individual photos were taken, and the information of feeding mode and epidemic situation were obtained through questionnaire survey.
TIAN Fei
In order to analyze how and when vines entered the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and to explore the relationship between the spread and domestication of vines on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the plateau settlement and ancient Silk exchanges of early human activities, the research team conducted genome sequencing and de sequencing of the whole genome of self bred F1 varieties of Brassica rapa in Nangqian County of Qinghai Province in June 2018 The size of the assembled genome was 409.69 MB and contig N50 was 1.21 MB. This result can provide a genetic basis for studying the relationship between plant dispersal and human activities. At the same time, this study will help to reveal the effects of artificial domestication and human selection on the genetic differentiation of the plant and the adaptive mechanism of the plant to the plateau ecological environment.
DUAN Yuanwen
Based on the high-quality genomic sequence analysis, the high-quality genome sequences can be obtained. Therefore, through this technology, the project team divides the sequences in the genome sequence sketch into groups that are consistent with the chromosome number of the species, and determines the order and orientation of all sequences in each group. After that, we can combine the reference vines genome, transcriptome assembly sequence (EST sequence), related species and genetic map data The accuracy of grouping and the sequence and direction between sequences were evaluated.
DUAN Yuanwen
Based on the high-quality genomic sequence analysis, the high-quality genome sequences can be obtained. Therefore, through this technology, the project team divides the sequences in the genome sequence sketch into groups that are consistent with the chromosome number of the species, and determines the order and orientation of all sequences in each group. After that, we can combine the reference vines genome, transcriptome assembly sequence (EST sequence), related species and genetic map data The accuracy of grouping and the sequence and direction between sequences were evaluated.
DUAN Yuanwen
In order to study the relationship between the spread of vines and human activities, we re sequenced the varieties from Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, as well as Pakistan, India, Nepal, Germany, Japan and other places. At the same time, the gene families were clustered, and the unique and common genes and gene families were counted. In addition, the expansion and contraction analysis of gene families and the phylogeny were also carried out Tree construction, genome-wide replication event analysis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the molecular basis of the adaptation of traditional Cranberry varieties to the plateau under the dual pressure of human activities and regional climate environment. Therefore, this study is helpful to reveal the adaptive mechanism of C. racemosa adapting to the plateau ecological environment and the influence of artificial domestication and human selection on its genetic differentiation in the process of evolution.
DUAN Yuanwen
In order to study the relationship between the spread of vines and human activities, we re sequenced the varieties from Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, as well as Pakistan, India, Nepal, Germany, Japan and other places. At the same time, the gene families were clustered, and the unique and common genes and gene families were counted. In addition, the expansion and contraction analysis of gene families and the phylogeny were also carried out Tree construction, genome-wide replication event analysis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the molecular basis of the adaptation of traditional Cranberry varieties to the plateau under the dual pressure of human activities and regional climate environment. Therefore, this study is helpful to reveal the adaptive mechanism of C. racemosa adapting to the plateau ecological environment and the influence of artificial domestication and human selection on its genetic differentiation in the process of evolution.
DUAN Yuanwen
1) Data content: including the Potential distribution map of amphipods in the Tibetan Plateau Lake. 2) The occurrence data are based on species list and distribution dataset from the Tibetan Plateau. We made potential distributions of amphipods across its range under present, Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and mid-Holocene. 3) All the collection information are checked carefully. 4) This project, is to provide basic data for the protection of water resources and biodiversity of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau.
HOU Zhonge
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of main domesticated animals in Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify their genetic background and establish corresponding genetic resource bank. In December 2019, a total of 1208 blood or tissue samples were collected from 254 goats of Chongqing Dazu black goat, Lubei white goat, Hainan black goat, Xuzhou SuBai goat and Yimeng black goat in Chongqing, Shandong, Jiangsu and Hainan, including 9 fresh tissue RNA samples such as heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney. This data set contains the sample species, species, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector, storage method and other basic sample information, which is stored in the form of Excel. The data set also contains the appearance photos of individual species, which are stored in JPG format.
PENG Minsheng
Data content: including the Tibetan Plateau Lake collections, the genetic diversity map of amphipods. In this project, 620 streams and lakes in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas were collected and studied for genetic diversity, in order to provide basic data for the protection of water resources and biodiversity of lakes in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Data source and processing method: this data set is the first-hand data, which is generated independently. The sample collection points in this data collection were obtained from four collection surveys conducted by the project team in the Tibetan Plateau from 2017 to 2020. Molecular data is to extract COI sequence from the collected samples as molecular evidence to carry out genetic diversity analysis; the main instrument is PCR, model is mastercycle x50s, manufacturer is Eppendorf. Data quality description: the data set basically covers the Tibetan Plateau and adds samples from the surrounding areas of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Data application achievements and prospects: provide basic data for biodiversity protection.
HOU Zhonge
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas (Pan third pole area), and clarify its related genetic background. In 2020, we extracted the total DNA from 201 global chicken blood, tissue and other DNA tissue samples, built a database and sequenced the whole genome. At the same time, we downloaded the published chicken genome data, and carried out population analysis of 863 chicken genomes, so as to provide basic data for exploring the historical events of domestication, migration and expansion of domestic chickens in the pan third pole region, and further explore the adaptation mechanism of domesticated animals to harsh environments such as drying. Articles related to this data set have been published. All data in this data set can be downloaded online from fastq, BAM, VCF and SNP files.
PENG Minsheng
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of main domesticated animals in Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify their genetic background and establish corresponding genetic resource bank. In 2020, a total of 707 blood, tissue and fecal samples from 209 domesticated animals were collected in Ili area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, including RNA samples of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of 12 horses. This data set contains the species, varieties, detailed sampling places, sample types, collection time, collectors, storage methods and other basic sample information of sheep, horses, cattle, dogs, chickens, geese, goats and other species in Yili area of Xinjiang, and is stored in Excel form. This data set also contains the appearance photos of individuals sampled and stored in JPG format.
XU Feng
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of the main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas (Pan third polar region), and clarify its genetic background. In 2020, we selected 31 RNA tissue samples from kidney, spleen and jejunum of local commercial chicken and native chicken in Kenya. After extracting total RNA, we established a library and performed transcriptome sequencing. Sequencing produced a batch of 180g transcriptome sequencing raw data. In order to explore the domestication, migration, expansion and other historical events of domestic chicken in Pan third pole area, and further explore the adaptation mechanism of domesticated animals to dry and other harsh environment. This data set contains the excel table of basic sample information such as species, breed, sex and phenotype of 31 domestic chicken individuals, and the original data and MD5 value of three tissue transcriptome sequencing of 31 domestic chicken individuals.
PENG Minsheng
In order to describe the distribution pattern of the genetic diversity of the main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify the related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource pool. In 2019, 187 samples of blood, tissue and feces of local main domesticated animals were collected in Chayu County, Linzhi Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region. This data set contains the basic sample information such as species, varieties, detailed sampling sites, sample types, collection time, collectors and storage methods of domestic chickens, pigs, cattle, horses, dogs and buffaloes in Chayu County, Linzhi, Tibet, and is stored in Excel form. This data set also contains the individual appearance photos of the sample, which are stored in JPG format.
PENG Minsheng, YIN Tingting
In order to describe the disease situation of the main domesticated animals in and around the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the epidemic situation of the main domestic animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau was investigated, and the genetic samples and intestinal microbial samples of the main epidemic diseases of the main domestic animals were collected. We collected Camel dung at Mohe camel farm, Ulan County, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. This data set is the 16S rRNA sequencing data of camel's intestinal microorganism in Qinghai Province. By extracting the total DNA of camel faeces, we designed primers to amplify the v3-v4 region gene fragment of bacteria, and then sequenced the corresponding data with high-throughput of the second generation. 44 samples were sequenced. This data set can be used to mine genetic resources of disease resistant individuals and find corresponding candidate genes.
DUAN Ziyuan
This data is the spatial distribution map of ecological shelters in Nursultan, the capital of Kazakhstan in 2018. The types of features in the map mainly include shelter forests, roads, buildings, lakes and rivers. The data source is four sentinel images in August 2018, with a resolution of 10 meters. At the same time, overlay the vector map of OSM global features. The data set is more accurate after correction. Through visual interpretation and field investigation, the extraction of shelter forest spot has high precision. The data reflects the spatial distribution of urban ecological shelters in Nursultan, the capital of Kazakhstan. At the same time, it has an important reference value for the long-term monitoring of the spatial and temporal pattern of shelter forests.
WANG Yongdong
The content of this data set is the measurements of body weight and body size (body height, body length, chest circumference, tube circumference) of 11 representative yak populations in Qinghai pastoral area at 2018. All the metadata comes from the work of body weight monitoring of yaks in Qinghai pastoral area at 2018, by the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences. The data set is named by “Monitoring Data Set of Body Weights of Traditional Grazing Yaks in Qinghai Pastoral Area (2018)”, consisting of 11 worksheets. The names and contents of worksheets are as follows: 1. Haiyan-Halejing (167 yaks in halejing Mongolian Town, Haiyan County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 2. Qilian-Mole (69 yaks in Mole Town, Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 3. Qilian-Yeniugou (42 yaks in Yeniugou Town, Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 4. Qilian-Yanglong (104 yaks in Yanglong Town, Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 5. Qilian-Ebao (28 yaks in Ebao Town, Qilian County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 6. Tianjun-Xinyuan (38 yaks in Xinyuan Town, Tianjun County, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 7. Tianjun-Longmen (100 yaks in Longmen Town, Tianjun County, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 8. Gande-Ganlong (36 yaks in Ganglong Town, Gande County, Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 9. Guinan-Taxiu (70 yaks in Taxiu Town, Guinan County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 10. Henan-Kesheng (73 yaks in Kesheng Town, Henan Mongolian Autonomous Country, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture); 11. Ledu-Dala (50 yaks in Dala Town, Ledu District, Haidong City). This data set comprehensively evaluates the growth performance of yaks grazing in alpine meadow under the current ecological environment through the measurement of weight and body size data in the representative areas of Qinghai pastoral area. The data set can be compared with the growth characteristics of representative populations of Qinghai yaks measured in 1981 and 2008 recorded in 1983 and 2013, and the degradation index of growth performance of yaks grazing in Qinghai pastoral area can be obtained, which is helpful to assess the impact of ecological environment changes on the growth and production performance of grazing livestock.
JIA Gongxue, YANG Qien, Tianwei XU
To investigate the paternal genetic structure of Tibetans from Lhasa, 1029 male samples were collected from Lhasa, Tibet. Firstly, SNP genotyping was performed to allocate samples into haplogroups. To further evaluate the genetic diversity of the major Y-chromosomal haplogroup in Tibetan populations from Lhasa, eight commonly used Y-chromosomal STR (short tandem repeat) loci (DYS19, DYS388, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, and DYS393) were genotyped using fluorescence-labeled primers with an ABI 3130XL Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA). The results indicated that haplogroup D-M174 displayed highest frequency in Lhasa Tibetans (56.56%, the majority of its sublineages were D3*-P99), followed by haplogroups O-M175 (30.71%, with most of the samples belonging to O3a3c1-M117). Another relatively rare lineages in Lhasa Tibetans were N-M231 (5.15%, especially its sublineage N1*-LLY22G), C-M130 (2.62%), R-M207 (2.53%), Q (1.55%), J (0.68%), K-M, and T. Further analysis indicated that the Lhasa Tibetans’ Y chromosome haplogroups have ages within different periods, including >30 kya, LGM, post-LGM, Holocene, indicating occupation of modern humans in different periods.
KONG Qingpeng, QI Xuebin
From April to June 2019, we used both live traps and camera traps to collect mammal diversity and distributions along the elevational gradients at the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve. We set 64 trap lines for small mammals inventory, with a total of 11456 live trap nights. We collected 1061 individuals and 2394 tissue samples of small mammals during the field sampling. We also retrived images of 60 camera traps placed between October 2018 and April 2019. We obtained 4638 pictures of wild animals and 654 captures of anthopogenic activities. The camera traps were reset in the same locations after renew batteries and memory cards. Small mammal data consist of richness, abundance, traits, environmental gradients etc, and could be used to model relationship between environmental gradients and traits concatenated by richness matrix. Camera trap data could inventory endangered species in the region, and provide information to identify biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities.
LI Xueyou
The data set includes the spatial distribution of grass yield in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2017. The gross primary productivity (GPP) of grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was simulated based on the ecological hydrological dynamic model VIP (vegetation interface process) with independent intellectual property of Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The net primary productivity (NPP) was estimated by empirical coefficient, and converted it into dry matter, and then the hay yield was estimated by root-shoot ratio. The spatial resolution is 1km. The data set will provide the basis for grassland resource management, development, utilization and the formulation of the strategy of "grass for livestock".
MO Xingguo
This dataset subsumes sustainable livestock carrying capacity in 2000, 2010, and 2018 and overgrazing rate in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2017 at county level over Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Based on the NPP data simulated by VIP (vehicle interface process), an eco hydrological model with independent intellectual property of the institute of geographic sciences and nature resources research(IGSNRR), Chinese academy of Sciences(CAS), the grass yield data (1km resolution) is obtained. Grass yield is then calculated at county level, and corresponding sustainable livestock carring capacity is calculated according to the sustainable livestock capacity calculation standard of China(NY / T 635-2015). Overgrazing rate is calculated based on actual livestock carring capacity at county level.The dataset will provide reference for grassland restoration, management and utilization strategies.
MO Xingguo
In order to describe the distribution pattern of the genetic diversity of the main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify the related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource pool. In 2019, a total of 200 samples of blood, tissue and feces of local main domesticated animals were collected in Hotan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. This data set contains the basic sample information such as species, varieties, detailed sampling places, sample types, collection time, collectors and storage methods of sheep, Muscovy duck, pigeon, domestic chicken, domestic duck, domestic goose, domestic donkey, goat, cattle, domestic dog and other species in Hotan area of Xinjiang, which is stored in Excel form. This data set also contains the individual appearance photos of the sample, which are stored in JPG format.
XU Feng
According to the genomic data obtained, most of the candidate genes are related to physiological development. In order to study the specific regulatory mechanism of the candidate genes, corresponding functional verification tests are carried out. Therefore, we obtained the corresponding transgenic mice and sequenced the corresponding tissues of homozygous and wild-type samples (22 tissue samples in total, including brain, bone marrow and muscle tissues). Then through the analysis of this batch of transcriptome data, we can improve the functional verification of candidate genes, in order to provide powerful data for understanding the adaptive genetic mechanism of species in different regions and physiological regulation in the process of growth and development.
LI Yan
In order to describe the distribution pattern of the genetic diversity of the main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify the related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource pool. In 2019, 406 samples of blood, tissue and feces of local main domesticated animals were collected in Luqu County, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province. This data set contains the species, varieties, detailed sampling places, sample types, collection time, collectors, storage methods and other basic sample information of sheep, pigs, yaks, chickens, cats, goats and other species in Luqu County, Qinghai Province, which are stored in Excel form. This data set also contains the individual appearance photos of the sample, which are stored in JPG format.
TIAN Fei
In order to analyze how and when it entered the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and explore the relationship between its spread and domestication in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the plateau settlement of early human activities and the ancient Silk Exchange, in June 2018, the research team used three generations of genome sequencing technology to sequence the whole genome and de novo assembly of F1 generation of its self bred varieties in Nangqian County, Qinghai Province, and got a genome size of 40 9.69 MB, contig N50 is 1.21 MB. This result can provide genetic basis for studying the relationship between plant diffusion and human activities. At the same time, this study is helpful to reveal the influence of artificial domestication and human selection on the genetic differentiation of cyanine, and the adaptive mechanism of cyanine to adapt to the plateau ecological environment.
DUAN Yuanwen
The data includes the county-level data of characteristic agriculture distribution in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, which lays the foundation for the spatial distribution and development of characteristic agriculture in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The data comes from the planning documents of each province in the Tibetan Plateau region, such as the development plan of the characteristic agricultural products base of the Tibetan Plateau (2015-2020). The data is the distribution of characteristic agriculture at the county level, including four kinds of agricultural products: highland barley, yak, sheep and wolfberry. The spatialization of main agricultural products of characteristic agriculture at the county level is realized. The time range is set to 2015-2020, referring to the planning and construction time of characteristic agriculture in each province in the data source. The data can be applied to the research on the spatial distribution of characteristic agriculture and the development of characteristic agriculture in the future.
SHI Wenjiao
1) Data content: species list of amphibious and reptile in Tibet, including class, order, family, genus, species; 2) Data source and processing method: Based on the field survey of amphibians and reptiles in Tibet from 2010 to 2019, and recording the species composition and distribution range of amphibians and reptiles in this area; 3) Data quality description: the investigation, collection and identification of samples are all conducted by professionals, and the collection of samples, longitude, latitude and altitude information are checked to ensure the quality of distribution data; 4) Data application results and prospects: We selected amphibians and reptiles as model species for study. we obtained data on population size and distribution range, and provide scientific basis for assessing biodiversity pattern and formulating conservation strategies.
CHE Jing
Anthropogenic global climatic changes (GCC) are threatening the biodiversity. To better protect the biodiversity of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), better prediction of the impacts of GCC is essential. Based on long time field surveys and throughly literature studying, we obtained distribution data for 12 endemic amphibian and reptile species of QTP. To control the quality of the data, we only used the species distribution points with genetic data. We build species distribution using the maximum-entropy approach (Maxent). Then we predicted the distribution of potential suitable habitats in future. Our studies are important in biodiversity conservation
CHE Jing
Based on Sanger sequencing technology, we sequenced Hypervariable segments (HVS) of mitochondrial genomes of 258 individuals from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (Northwestern Yunnan). Quality control was conducted based on phylogenetic analysis, which has been proven to be of great help in distilling potential problems such as artificial recombination. By combining mitogenome data from literature, we analyzed the genetic landscape of populations in this region, with special attempts to unravel what kind of factors played the most important roles in this process. Results indicated substantial genetic components that could be traced back to Paleolithic period, likely representing the genetic legacy of initial settlers in southern East Asia. More components, which are prevalent in East Asians, especially in northern China, could also be observed, probably related to the migration of millet farmers from northern China into southwestern China.
KONG Qingpeng
1) data content: distribution map of Amphipoda in the Tibetan Plateau; 2) data source and processing method: based on the list of Amphipoda in Tibetan and its basic database of distribution, including longitude and latitude, altitude, and the ArcView software has been used to make the distribution map of Amphipoda in the Tibetan Plateau; 3) data quality description: sample collection, longitude and latitude, altitude information are checked to ensure the quality of distribution data, all analysts have received strict training in the laboratory; 4) data application achievements and prospects: comprehensively analyze the distribution data, species diversity and genetic diversity of Amphipoda in Tibetan Plateau, discuss the impact of climate change on Amphipoda diversity and the response of Amphipoda to environmental change from the perspective of evolution and genetics, and provide scientific basis for biodiversity assessment and ecological protection in the Tibetan Plateau; 5) legend: brown circles for samples from Tian Shan, pink circles for samples at north side of the Yarlung Zangbo River with diversification age of 2-4 Ma, greeen triangles for samples at south side of the Yarlung Zangbo River with diversification age of 4-6 Ma, yellow circles for samples from Himalayas with diversification age around 3 Ma, orange square for samples from Hengduan Mt. with diversificaiton age of 5-7 Ma, blue circles for samples from east of the Tibetan Plateau.
HOU Zhonge
Combined with the field investigation of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the existing literature, this data set summarizes the species list as well as their geographical distributionof pitvipers in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, including Tibet, Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou. There are 24 species of pitvipers in Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, belonging to 8 genera. The number of species distributed accounts for 67% of the total number of pitvipers in China, and 7 species are endemic to the region. In Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Tibet, there are 13 species of pitvipers in Yunnan, and 7 species in Tibet and Chongqing. The data set can provide important data for the biodiversity catalogue of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas.
GUO Peng
1) data content: including the morphological and reproductive life history data of four lizards, i.e. Phrynocephalus vlangalii, Phrynocephalus przewalskii, Eremias argus and Eremias multiocellata, and the physiological and ecological data of indoor and outdoor activity temperature, selection temperature, tolerant high temperature and tolerant low temperature, which is helpful to understand and analyze the physiological and ecological characteristics of typical lizards. 2) data source and processing method: Based on the indoor and outdoor experiments of typical lizards on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and pan third pole from 2013 to 2019, the data of physiological and ecological indicators of lizards in the field and the data of reproductive life history of pregnant lizards were recorded. 3) data quality description: the lizard indoor and outdoor data collectors are all graduate students, who have been trained strictly to ensure the quality of the collected data. 4) data application achievements and prospects: Taking the typical lizards in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and surrounding areas as the object, focusing on the impact of climate change on the thermal regulation behavior and reproductive life history of lizards, obtaining the physiological and ecological change characteristics of lizards under the climate change conditions is helpful to simulate and analyze the response trend of lizards distribution and population change under the climate warming environment.
ZENG Zhigao
1) Data content: species list and distribution data of Phrynocephalus and Eremais in Junggar basin, including class, order, family, genus, species, and detailed distribution information including country, province, city and county; 2) Data source and processing method: Based on the field survey of amphibians and reptiles in Junggar Basin and adjacent arid desert area from 2007 to 2019, and recording the species composition and distribution range of Phrynocephalus and Eremias in this area; 3) Data quality description: the investigation, collection and identification of samples are all conducted by professionals, and the collection of samples, longitude, latitude and altitude information are checked to ensure the quality of distribution data; 4) Data application results and prospects: Through comprehensive analysis of the dataset, the list of species diversity and distribution can provide important data for biodiversity cataloguing in arid central Asia, and provide scientific basis for assessing biodiversity pattern and formulating conservation strategies.
GUO Xianguang
1) data content: including class, order, Chinese name of family, Latin name of family, Chinese name of genus, Latin name of genus, Latin name of species, Chinese name of species, country, province and distribution area; 2) data source and processing method: record species composition and distribution range of freshwater Amphipoda in the Tibetan Plateau and pan third pole field based on scientific research from 2000 to 2019; 3) data quality description : the sampling and testing personnel have been trained strictly in the laboratory. In the process of sample collection, it shall be kept at low temperature and delivered to the laboratory within the specified time. In the process of laboratory analysis, the samples are determined repeatedly to ensure the quality of test data. 4) data application achievements and prospects: Taking the dominant group of Amphipoda in the Tibetan Plateau as the research object, focusing on the theme of the impact of climate and environmental change on biodiversity and the response of organisms to environmental change, obtain the species number, distribution and genetic data of Amphipoda in the water system of the Tibetan Plateau and the pan third polar lakes.
HOU Zhonge
This data set comes from shallow marine carbonate sections at Tingri and Gamba, south Tibet. The age of these samples is about 56 Ma (at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary). At Tingri, we studied two parallel sections (13ZS section and 10-11TM section), and at Gamba, we studied one section (11TMG). From the 13ZS section, we analyzed carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and calcium carbonate content of the whole carbonate rock, as well as the in-situ carbon isotopic compositions and element contents of the foraminifera shell. From the 10-11TM section, we analyzed carbon, oxygen and strontium isotopic compositions of the whole rock. From the 11TMG section, we analyzed carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of the whole carbonate rock. Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of the whole rock were measured by gas isotope mass spectrometer (MAT251), strontium isotope by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), calcium carbonate content by acid dissolution, in-situ carbon isotopic compositions by SIMS, and in-situ element contents by LA-ICPMS. Among these data, in-situ carbon isotope data were obtained from the laboratory of Professor John Valley at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States, and the rest are from the relevant laboratories of the Department of Geosciences at the University of Bremen in Germany. Based on these data, we published three peer-reviewed papers on Journals of Gondwana Research, GSA Bulletin, and Global and Planetary Change.
ZHANG Qinghai
This data set is the data set of ecological elements in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau from 1990 to 2015. It records the change of area proportion of wetland, grassland, forest land and sand land in 15 prefecture level units in Qinghai and Tibet every five years. The data is excel file, and the spatial resolution is the scale of prefecture level administrative unit. The data is based on the land use type data of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and is obtained by calculating the proportion of wetland, grassland, forest land and sand land in the area of each land unit. The data set can be used for the change analysis and research of ecological elements of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and can provide data support for the study of interaction stress between urbanization and ecological environment.
DU Yunyan, YI Jiawei
This data set contains 2018 global forest fire case data for the whole year and 2019, including the forest fire in California in November 2018, the forest fire in Attica, Greece in July 2018, and the forest fire in Shanxi Province in March 2019. Case data. Specific data include: fire intensity data of the monitoring range and data of vegetation index changes before and after the disaster. The data set is mainly used to describe the occurrence, development, impact and recovery of major global forest fire events in the first half of 2018-2019. The data mainly comes from NASA official website and EM-DAT database, it was processed by statistical and spatial analysis methods using EXCEL and ArcGIS tools. The data source is reliable, the processing method is scientific and rigorous, and it can be effectively applied to global (forest fire) disaster case analysis research.
YANG Yuqing, GONG Adu, WU Jianjun, ZHOU Hongmin
The data set recorded one belt, one road area, 65 countries, and 1990-2015 years' forest area. Data source: Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site. The food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations provides detailed information on forest coverage and estimates the adjusted forest coverage. The current survey uses a unified forest definition. The data reflect one belt, one road, the rich forest resources in the countries along the border, and it is one of the important bases for determining the forest management and development and utilization policy. The dataset contains one data table: forest area (square kilometers).
XU Xinliang
This framework aims to explore the impact of climate change on the fitness of ectotherms. We obtain the morphology, physiology, behavior and life history parameters of the animals by consulting literature and experimental research; then use the microclimate model and global warming data to obtain microclimate data at the current and the end of the century; and then use the biophysical model to calculate adult body temperature and embryonic developmental temperature. We construct a life history mechanism model to calculate the energy budget of the reproductive female and the total energy of the surviving offspring, and assess the vulnerability of ectotherms in each region. The main point of this study is to construct a segmental life history mechanism model for species of two reproductive modes, so that the start time and duration of each life history can be dynamically calculated, and the energy of each life history stage can be calculated by combining energy metabolic and embryonic development models.
ZENG Zhigao
The molecular phylogeny of gammarids was reconstructed based on collections from the Tibetan Plateau. Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh specimens and molecular sequences were acquired by PCR. The phylogeny was reconstructed using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods. Reduced-Representation Genome Sequencing was conducted for 10 individuals per population to explore the population dynamics. Based on the phylogeny of gammarids from the Tibetan Plateau, the effects of climate change will be addressed and the adaptation of gammarids will be discussed. This dataset can be used to evaluate the species diversity and to give a background for biodiversity conservation.
HOU Zhonge
This framework aims to improve the predicting power of species distribution models through testing models using demographic history since Last Glacial Maximum. By building species distribution models based on different combinations of environmental variables, and then comparing with current distributions, different scenarios of demographic histories can be generated. These scenarios will be compared with demographic history which reconstructed using genetic data. In this way, the best environmental variables combination can be determined. Then, building species distribution model using the chosen environmental variables combination will have more predicting power in predicting distribution changes in the future.
CHE Jing
The data set was obtained from the background survey of wildlife diversity in Three River Source National Park by Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The time range of the data set is 2017, and the survey area is Three River Source National Park. The survey species include a variety of rare wildlife such as Equus kiang, Canis lupus, Vulpes vulpes, Cervus elaphus, Accipiter nisus, Phoenicurus erythrogastrus, Prionailurus bengalensis, Buteo hemilasius, Procapra picticaudata, Tetraogallus tibetanus, Perdix hodgsoniae, Falco cherrug, etc.
ZHANG Tongzuo
This data set comprises several great achievements of vertebrate paleontology of Tibetan Plateau in the Recent three years. Wang et al. (2016) reported Protovis himalayensis gen. et sp. nov., suggest that the Tibetan Plateau, possibly including Tianshan-Altai, represents the ancestral home range(s) of mountain sheep and that these basal stocks were the ultimate source of all extant species. Li et al. (2017) reported two new hamster species: Nannocricetus qiui and Aepyocricetus liui, indicated that the dispersal of these hamsters into the high-elevation portions of Tibet during the early Pliocene contrasts with the hypothesized biogeographic shift of several large mammal lineages out of Tibet. Wu et al. (2017) reported Eoanabas thibetana gen. et sp. nov., suggests an elevation of North Tibet in late Oligocene was ca. 1,000 m, conflict with conclusions of a high and dry Tibet claimed by some recent and influential palaeoaltimetry studies. The data is from pictures of materials of research achievement above. These lead research on Tibetan Plateau to some new ways.
WU Feixiang
In May and September 2018, fish in Tibetan lakes were collected by net-catching and electric-catching methods. The sampling range from east to west can be roughly summarized into three areas: the Qiangtang Plateau in northern Tibet, southern Tibet and the angle between Kunlun Mountains and Karakoram Mountains. A total of 27 lakes have captured fish. The specimens include more than 2,000 specimens of the genus Triplophysa and more than 600 specimens of subfamily Schizothoracinae. This work is a part of the project of “Building Methods for Detection of Aquatic Organisms in the Lake System of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”, using traditional fish survey data to generate a list of species in the lake system, which will then be used to combine multiple lakes in Medog and the plateaus. High-throughput molecular data acquired from the system's environmental water samples and tested for visual parameters (lake size, isolation, geographic location, and spectral characteristics) that can be used to predict aquatic biodiversity.
LIU Shuwei
This dataset comprises fossil specimens of Cenozoic mammal collected from Tibetan Plateau and surrounding area, such as Suerkal Basin in A-erh-chin Mountains, Tabenbuluk in Gansu Province, during 2018-04-01 to 2018-10-01. Most of the specimens were collected in surface of section, part were excavated from shallow strata. All of the specimens were sent to Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, cleaned by technician and photographed with digital camera. The specimens are well-preserved and can be easily observed on important characters of the individuals they belong to. The specimens of this data set are all new ones unstudied, and very important for research on mammalian evolution and reconstruction of paleoecology and paleoenvironment in Tibetan Plateau and surrounding area.
WU Feixiang
Based on fieldworks of the Tibetan Plateau and the Pan-Third Pole from 2000 to 2018, the species diversity and distribution database of gammarids (Crustacea, Amphipoda) was built. Gammarids are pilot species in alpine lakes and suitable to serve as indicators for climate change. In order to understand how climate change and geological events influence the diversification of specie and how, in turn, animals adapt to ecological changes, the richness of species and related ecological and distributional data were collected. The species were identified according to the book of Fauna Sinica Crustacea Amphipoda Gammaridea III. The species diversity and distribution patterns were analyzed based on this dataset. This dataset can be used to evaluate the species diversity and to give a background for biodiversity conservation.
HOU Zhonge
The birds along the Zhamo Highway in Medog and Bome counties are investigated by mist net method and point count method. According to the 400-meter elevation span, elevation transects were set up in the survey area. Four elevation transects are set up in the north slope from Gangcun to Galong Temple in Bome County, from low to high, and nine elevation transects are set up in the south slope from Jiefang Bridge to Galongla in Medog County. So that we can make a breakthrough understanding the formation and maintenance mechanism of bird diversity in this region. The data of bird diversity and distribution will be used to further explore the key scientific issues such as the impact of climate change on bird diversity and adaptation strategies, and the response and protection strategies of bird species diversity under the global climate change.
DONG Feng
Based on previous herpetological surveys of Xizang plateau from 2010-2018, we collected additional information that included population size, diversity and distribution range for specific amphibian and reptile groups. We selected species belonging to genera Ranidae, Megophryidae, Rhacophoridae, Dicroglossidae, Gekkonidae, Agamidae, Colubridae as model species for study. Following species’ response to environmental changes, we obtained data on population size and distribution range. Our study therefore serves as guide for assessment of biodiversity pattern and mapping out key areas of conservation in Xizang plateau.
CHE Jing
Based on our field works in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) from 2008 to 2018, and combining data from previous studies, we obtained genetic data of all widely distributed amphibian and reptile species in QTP. Meanwhile, our data covered the whole ranges of all the species. To answer the question: ‘How climatic changes influenced animals of QTP?’, we rebuild the demographic history and analyzed how Quaternary climatic changes impacted animals. Then, we identified the locations of refugia. After constructing spatial pattern of genetic diversity, we identified genetic hotspots which needs more conservation effects. These results are important in biodiversity conservation in QTP.
CHE Jing
To analyzing the demographic history and the genetic mechanism underlying local adaptation of the domestic Equus animals in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and surrounding regions and building a genetic resources bank of Equus in Pan-Third Pole, we resequenced 236 domestic Equus animal samples collected until 2018, including Tibet horse, Tibet ass, domestic horses and donkeys in the plains. By applying mitochondrial DNA sequencing and D-loop sequencing on 75 samples, including 73 ass and two horses, , a batch of genetic and genome data were generated. It provides basic genetic data to analysis on domestication, immigration and expansion of domestic animals in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Meanwhile it helps better understand the adaption of domestic Equus animal to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau environment.
LI Yan
In the year of 2018, we collected the samples at Taxkorgan county, Kashgar district, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwestern China. Taxkorgan county is where the Pamir Plateau located in China. Nearly all this county is on the plateau. The average elevation of this county is more the 4000 m above the sea level. And the lowest part of the county is 3100 m above the sea level. In total, 204 samples were collected in Pamir Plateau this time. The samples collected from several different species which including cattle, yak, sheep, goat, donkey, horse and chicken. Each samples have 3-4 repetitions. For each animal, we recorded the id number, species, sex, date of sample collection, GPS coordination and elevation. Also three mateched images, i.e. from head, hoof or feet and whole body, were took for each animal. All the samples taken from the animal are the blood samples. They were keep into the refrigerator until they were finally tranfered and stored in the germplasm recourses bank.
XU Feng, WANG Muyang
To analyzing the distribution pattern and genetic background of domain domestic animals in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and surrounding regions and building a genetic resources bank of animals and plants in Pan-Third Pole, we collected 343 domain domestic animal samples in 2018, including Tibet pigs, Tibet dogs, Tibet sheep and Tibet chickens in Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet Province. By applying mitochondrial DNA sequencing on 159 chickens from northwest Yunnan and southeast Tibet, genome resequencing on 11 wild and domestic pigs and GBS sequencing on 193 domestic cattle, a batch of genetic and genome data were generated. It provides basic genetic data to analysis on domestication, immigration and expansion of domestic animals in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Meanwhile it helps better understand the adaption of domestic animals to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau environment.
YIN Tingting, PENG Minsheng
From October to November 2018, we used both live traps and camera traps to collect mammal diversity and distributions along the elevational gradients at the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve. Small mammal diversity and abundance were collected at 5 elevational belts range between 2600m and 3500m above sea level, with a total of 2776 live trap nights. We collected 439 individuals and 878 tissue samples of small mammals during the first field sampling. We also located 60 camera traps along elevational gradient range between 1050m and 3960m asl, and plan to collect the camera trapping data in May 2019. Small mammal data consist of richness, abundance, traits, environmental gradients etc, and could be used to model relationship between environmental gradients and traits concatenated by richness matrix. Camera trap data could inventory endangered species in the region, and provide information to identify biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities.
LI Xueyou
Based on "Chinese Animals" (Animalia- Chordata-Reptilia-Lacertilia), "Tibetan Amphibians and Reptiles", Chinese and English literature published between 2000 and 2018, and field surgery in Tibetan Plateau from 2018 to 2019, the species composition and distribution of the lizard species in this area are recorded. The lizards widely distributed in the altitude gradients of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are studied. This study focus on the effects of climate change on biodiversity and the response of ectotherms to environmental change, and aims at obtaining data of the number and distribution of species. The species were identified according to the "Chinese Animals" ( Animalia-Chordata- Reptilia-Lacertilia). The species diversity and distribution pattern were analyzed according to the elevation, latitude and longitude, etc. to provide a theoretical basis for assessing the biodiversity pattern and formulating the conservation strategy.
ZENG Zhigao
By archaeological investigation and excavation in Tibetan Plateau, we discovered 8 Paleolithic sites, including 151, Jiangxigou 1, Jiangxigou 2, Heimahe 1, Xiadawu, Yezere, Niamudi and Lingjiong. In this dataset, there are some basic informations about these sites, such as location, longitude, latitude, altitude, material culture and so on. On this Basis, we identified animal remains, plant macrofossil, selected some samples for radiocarbon dating and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. This dataset provide important basic data for understanding when and how prehistoric human lived in the Tibetan Plateau during the Paleolithic.
ZHANG Dongju , ZHANG Xiaoling, LIU Xiangjun
Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi were tested by nested PCR on domestic animals (405 fecal samples from yaks, Tibetan sheep, camels and horses, etc.) in the areas covered by the qinghai-tibet plateau mainly in Tibet and qinghai.1. The overall infection rate of cryptosporidium was 2.96% (12/405), and the detection rate of camels, Tibetan sheep and yaks in qinghai was divided into 15%, 9.8% and 3.1%.The detection rate of yaks in yunnan was 3.1%.No other domestic animals were found in Tibet or yunnan.Two cryptosporidium subspecies were detected in qinghai camels, among which c. ovis subtype was the first detected in camels.C.ryanae subtype was first detected in yaks in yunnan.The overall detection rate of E. bieneusi in domestic animals in qinghai-tibet plateau was 19.75% (80/405), and a total of 9 known subtypes and a new subtype (YN) were detected.The highest detection rate was for camels (45%) in qinghai, followed by Mongolian sheep (42.1%), yak (37.5%), horse (15.62%) and Tibetan sheep (7.3%).The detection rate of Tibetan sheep in Tibet was 10.8%.The detection rates of goats and cattle in yunnan were 36% and 25.7% respectively.CAM2 subtype was first detected in qinghai horses and CAM1 subtype was first detected in yaks.A new subtype YN was detected in yunnan cattle.
ZHANG Zhichao, DUAN Ziyuan
By archaeological investigation and excavation in Tibetan Plateau, we discovered 14 historic period sites, including Meinuo, Sariguo, Rongwaguo, Kaze, Jiha, Yarigei, Bami, Barongbadang, Qingtu, Labu ,Maisong Petroglyph, Gala, Yezere 1 and Yezere 4 . In this dataset, there are some basic informations about these sites, such as location, longitude, latitude, altitude, material culture and so on. On this Basis, we identified animal remains, plant macrofossil, selected some samples for radiocarbon dating and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. This dataset provide important basic data for understanding when and how prehistoric human lived in the Tibetan Plateau during the historic period.
DONG Guanghui , HOU Guangliang
Based on field surveys in the Tibetan Plateau and the Arid Central Asia from 2007 to 2018, along with strengthened cooperation with domestic and foreign colleagues, the species diversity and distribution database of toad-headed agamas (Phrynocephalus) and racerunner lizards (Eremias) in the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent Alashan Desert was built. The toad-headed agamas and racerunners are excellent representative genera/species to serve as indicators for climate change in Asian interior arid zone. In order to understand how climate change and geological events infulence the diversfication of species, and how, in turn, lizards adapt to ecological changes, the richness of species and related distributional data were collected. The species diversity and distribution patterns may be analysed based on this dataset. This dataset can be used to evaluate the species diversity and to provide a cornerstone for biodiversity conservation.
GUO Xianguang
The sustainable development of husbandry industry depends on the conservation of local species, in which the protection of genetic resource is the core. The unique natural environment and long-term artificial selection shape the exclusive characteristics in endemic husbandry animals that well adapt to the local environments in Qinghai and Gansu Provinces. Currently, the introduction of commercial breeds leads to the loss of species diversity of local breeds and challenges the protection of genetic resources. In the present study, extensive field investigations are conducted to assess production performances and species resources, aiming to identify native breeds facing degradations. The achievements of the current study propose the conservative strategies for local domestic animals, which lay the foundation for purification and rejuvenation of endemic species/strains and promote the progression of husbandry industry in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas.
TIAN Fei
By archaeological investigation and excavation in Tibetan Plateau, we discovered 8 Neolithic and Bronze Age sites, including Gaomuxudi, Duojialiang, Shuikou, Qipanshan, Xinzhai, Canxionggasu, Niaodao, Bangga, Baiyangcun and so on. In this dataset, there are some basic informations about these sites, such as location, longitude, latitude, altitude, material culture and so on. On this Basis, we identified animal remains, plant macrofossil, selected some samples for radiocarbon dating and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. This dataset provide important basic data for understanding when and how prehistoric human lived in the Tibetan Plateau during the Neolithic and Bronze Age.
DONG Guanghui , YANG Xiaoyan, Lü Hongliang
Based on high-throughput sequencing technology, we sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes of 671 Tibetan individuals from the Tibetan Plateau. The average sequencing depth is 1000×, covering the whole mitochondrial genome of each sample (100%). Quality control was conducted based on phylogenetic analysis, which has been proven to be of great help in distilling potential problems such as artificial recombination. By combining complete mitogenome data from literature, we analyzed how the genetic landscape of Tibetans established, with special attempts to unravel what kind of factors played the most important roles in this process. Results indicated about 20.98% of Tibetan haplogroups differentiated in Tibetans around 5.2–4.0 ka and originated in northern China from 10–6 ka, well matching the dispersal history of millet agriculture. Estimations further suggested that the frequencies of both haplogroups were much more pronounced (40%–50%) in Tibetans before the massive immigrations onto the TP during the historical period. Our study suggests that the migration of millet farmers from northern China played an important role in shaping the genetic landscape of Tibetans.
KONG Qingpeng
The data set contains the rare animal survey data for the Sanjiangyuan area from 2016 to 2017, including the latitude and longitude of the survey site, the length of the sample line, animal discovery time, animal names, quantity, location of the occurrence, type of habitat, affiliated families, etc.
HU Linyong, ZHANG Tongzuo, ZHANG Tongzuo,
The glacial bacterial resource database of the Tibetan Plateau provides the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of several glaciers, which are seven glaciers of the Tibetan Plateau separated by an experimental group led by Yongqin Liu during 2010 to 2018 (East Rongbuk Glacier of Mt. Qomolangma, Tianshan Glacier No.1, Guliya Glacier, Laohugou Glacier, Muztagh Ata Glacier, Qiyi Glacier and Yuzhufeng Glacier), the Malan Glacier separated by Shurong Xiang and the Puruogangri Glacier separated by Xinfang Zhang. After the glacier samples were collected, they were taken to the Ecological Laboratory of the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and the National Cryosphere Laboratory in Lanzhou. After applying the spread plate method, the samples were cultured at different temperatures (4-25 °C) for 20 days to 90 days, and single colonies were picked out for purification. After the DNA was extracted from the isolated bacteria, the 16S ribosomal RNA gene fragment was amplified with 27F/1492R primer and sequenced using the Sanger method. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence was compared with the RDP database using the "Classifier" software and identified as level one when the reliability exceeded 80%. These data contain the 16S ribosomal RNA gene fragment sequence and glacier sources of each sequence. Compared with sequences based on high-throughput sequencing, these data have a longer sequence and more accurate classification and can better serve in glacier microbiology research.
JI Mukan
The data set of prokaryotic microorganism distribution in the snow and ice of the Arctic Antarctic and the Tibetan Plateau provides the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence collected by the experimental group led by Yongqin Liu from the NCBI database during 2010 to 2018. The keywords for NCBI database search are Antarctic, Arctic Tibetan, and Glacier. The collected sequences were calculated using the DOTOUR software to obtain the similarities between sequences, the sequences with similarities above 97% were clustered into one OTU, and the OTU representative sequence was defined. The OTU representative sequence was compared with the RDP database by the "Classifier" software and was identified as level one when the reliability exceeded 80%. After acquiring the sequence, the GPS coordinates of the sample were obtained by reading the sample information in the sequence file. These data contain the sequence of 16S ribosomal RNA gene fragments for each sequence, evolutionary classification, and sample GPS coordinates. Compared with sequences based on high-throughput sequencing, these data have a longer sequence and more accurate classification. It is significant for comparing the evolutionary information of three-pole microorganisms and understanding the evolution of psychrophilic microorganisms.
JI Mukan
The data set of bacterial diversity in Tibetan soil provides the microbial distribution characteristics of the soil surface (0-2 cm) of the Tibetan Plateau. The samples were collected from July 1st to July 15th, 2015, from three types of ecosystems: meadows, grasslands and desert. The soil samples were stored in ice packs and transported to the Ecological Laboratory of the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research in Beijing. The DNA from the soil was extracted using an MO BIO Power Soil DNA kit. The soil surface samples were stored in liquid nitrogen after collection, shipped to the Sydney laboratory, and then extracted using a Fast Prep DNA kit. The extracted DNA samples adopted 515F (5'-GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA-3') and 909r (5'-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3') to amplify the 16S rRNA gene fragments. The amplified fragments were sequenced by the Illumina Miseq PE250 method, and the raw data were analyzed using Mothur software. The sequences with poor sequencing quality were first removed; the sequences were sorted, and the chimeric sequences were removed. The similarities between the sequences were then calculated, the sequences with similarities above 97% were clustered into one OTU, and the OTU representative sequence was defined. The OTU representative sequence was compared with the Silva database and identified as level one when the reliability exceeded 80%. The microbial diversities in these data on the Tibetan Plateau were systematically compared, which made them significant to the study of the microbial distribution on the Tibetan Plateau.
JI Mukan
The Antarctic and Arctic bacterial distribution data set provides distribution characteristics of bacteria in the Arctic and Antarctic. The collection period of the samples was from December 13,2005, to December 8,2006; 52 samples were obtained from 3 Arctic regions (Spitsbergen Slijeringa, Spitsbergen Vestpynten, and Alexandra Fjord_Highlands), and 171 samples were obtained from 5 Antarctic regions (the Mitchell Peninsula, Casey station main Power house, Robinsons Ridge, Herring Island, and Browning Peninsula). The soil surface samples were stored in liquid nitrogen after collection, shipped to a Sydney laboratory, and extracted using the FastPrep DNA kit. The extracted DNA samples were processed by 27F (5'-GAGTTTGATCNTGGCTCA-3' and 519R (5'-GTNTTACNGCGGCKGCTG-3') to amplify the 16S rRNA gene fragments. The amplified fragments were sequenced by the 454 method, and the raw data were analyzed by Mothur software. First, the sequences with poor sequencing quality were removed, the sequences were then sorted, and the chimera sequences were removed. The similarities between the sequences were calculated, the sequences with similarities above 97% were clustered into one OTU, and the OTU representative sequence was defined. By comparison with the Silva database, the OTU sequences with reliabilities greater than 80% were identified as level one. This data system compared the diversity of microorganisms in the eastern Antarctic with that in the Arctic and is of great significance for the study of the distributions of microorganisms in the Antarctic and Arctic.
JI Mukan
Microbial diversity data of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. One hundred and thirty-eight samples were collected from July 1st to July 15th, 2015, from 28 lakes (Bamco, Baima Lake, Bange Salt Lake, Bangong Lake, Bengco, Bieruozeco, Cuoeco, Cuoe (Pingcuo North), Dawaco, Dangqiongco, Dangreyongco, Dongco, Eyacuoqiong, Gongzhuco, Guogenco, Jiarebuco, Mapangyongco, Namco, Nieerco (Salt Lake), Normaco, Pengyanco, Pengco, Qiangyong, Selinco, Wuruco, Wumaco, Zharinanmuco, and Zhaxico). The salinity gradients range from 0.07-118 ppm. The DNA extraction method: The DNA was extracted using an MO BIO PowerSoil DNA kit after the lake water was filtered onto a 0.45 membrane. The 16S rRNA gene fragment amplification primers were 515F (5'-GTGCCAGCMGCCGCGGTAA-3') and 909r (5'-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3'). The sequencing method was Illumina MiSeq PE250, and the raw data were analyzed by Mothur software, including quality filtering and chimera removal. The sequence classification was based on the Silva109 database, and archaea, eukaryotic and unknown source sequences have been removed. OTUs were classified by 97% similarity, and sequences that appear once in the database were then removed. Finally, each sample was resampled to 7,230 sequences/sample. GPS coordinates, evolutionary information, and environmental factors are listed in the data.
JI Mukan
1. The grassland animal husbandry production and management policies in the study area from 1954 to 2012 mainly include: 1) the time series of the formation and evolution of various policies; 2) the key policies related to herdsman's livestock activities and grassland management and utilization. 2. Residents' perception and response to pastoral socio-economic development policies, grassland management systems, ecological compensation policies, ecological restoration projects, and ecological environment status quo.
ZHAO Chengzhang
Taking Landsat series data as the main data source, including KH in 1965 (only including Gurinai and Guaizi Lake), MSS in 1975, TM in 1990, 1995, 2006 and 2010, and ETM in 2000. Before information extraction, remote sensing images are preprocessed by image synthesis, mosaic, fusion, geometric correction and image enhancement. In the process of correction, ETM + image in 2000 is corrected by 1:100000 topographic map and used as reference image. The 4, 3 and 2 band standard pseudocolor synthesis scheme is selected for image synthesis; during correction, 7 × 8 control points are evenly selected on each image, and the average positioning error is less than 1 pixel, that is, the ground distance is less than 30m. In other years, the datum image of 2000 is used as the reference image for image registration, so that the pixels with the same name on different images have the same geographical coordinates. After correction and registration, the whole image maintains the 30 m spatial resolution of TM. Through field correction, the accuracy of qualitative analysis can be ensured to be over 95%.
XIAO Shengchun
Contact Support
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, CAS
0931-4967287
poles@itpcas.ac.cn
Links
National Tibetan Plateau Data CenterFollow Us
A Big Earth Data Platform for Three Poles © 2018-2020 No.05000491 | All Rights Reserved
｜ 
No.11010502040845
Tech Support: westdc.cn
